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目的 探讨广西X射线诊断受检者体表入射剂量.方法 分层随机抽样选取25家不同级别医院的2 236例X射线诊断受检者为调查对象,采用热释光剂量测量不同级别的医院、不同类型设备和不同照射部位受检者的体表入射剂量.结果 普通X射线摄影、计算机X射线摄影(CR)和直接数字化X射线摄影(DR)受检者体表入射剂量范围分别为0.08 ～31.51、0.11～4.25和0.05 ～35.63 mGy.腹部前后位(AP)、骨盆AP;头颅侧位(LAT)、头颅后前位(PA)、胸部PA、胸部LAT、胸椎AP、胸椎LAT、腰椎AP、腰椎LAT入射剂量范围分别为0.08 ～ 19.53、0.15 ～ 18.78、0.08～ 9.87、0.06～9.24、0.05 ～2.71、0.13 ～2.93、0.15 ～ 19.01、0.07～25.33、0.16 ～ 27.23和0.11 ～35.63 mGy.结论 广西X射线诊断受检者平均入射剂量达标,但部分DR摄影致胸部PA入射剂量超过医疗照射指导水平.

Objective To investigate the entrance surface doses to the patients undergoing diagnostic X-ray examinations in Guangxi.Methods A total of 2236 patients who have received diagnostic X-ray examinations were investigated at 25 randomly selected hospitals at different levels where dthermoluminescence dosimeters were used to measure the entrance surface doses in different hospitals with different equipment and different positions.Results The entrance surface dose from X-ray imaging,computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR) were in the range of 0.08-31.51,0.11-4.25 and 0.05-35.63 mGy,respectively.The entrance doses to abdomen (AP),pelvis (AP),head (LAT),head (PA),chest (PA),chest (LAT),thoracic vertebra (AP),thoracic vertebra (LAT),lumbar vertebra (AP),lumbar vertebra (LAT) were 0.08-19.53,0.15-18.78,0.08-9.87,0.06-9.24,0.05-2.71,0.13-2.93,0.15-19.01,0.07-25.33,0.16-27.23,and0.11-35.63 mGy,respectively.Conclusions The average dose to patients from X-ray diagnosis in Guangxi was in accordance with the relevant standards,but DR could partly lead the chest (PA) dose to exceed the guidance levels of medical exposure.