Usk Ferry
| Locale | Usk |
|---|---|
| Waterway | Skeena River |
| Transit type | Passenger and vehicle ferry |
| Owner | BC Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure |
| Operator | Emil Anderson Maintenance |
| Began operation | 1913 |
| No. of lines | 1 |
| No. of vessels | 1 |
| No. of terminals | 2 |
| Website | Official website |
The Usk Ferry operates on the Skeena River at Usk in the Skeena region of west central British Columbia, Canada. The vessel employs reaction ferry propulsion and cable ferry guidance. Off BC Highway 16, the crossing is by road about 182 kilometres (113 mi) west of Smithers and 23 kilometres (14 mi) northeast of Terrace.
Timeline
[edit]- 1913: The subsidized reaction ferry was installed[1] to handle traffic generated by the arrival of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (GTP). The huge ice flows made a rowboat ferry impossible during the changes of season. Consequently, a hand-operated basket-type aerial passenger ferry was rigged between the ferry towers, which proved unsuitable because the 240-metre (800 ft) wire rope sagged, creating a steep upward climb to the opposite shore. Instead, a footbridge was suspended from the ferry traveller cable.[2]
- 1916: The Skeena rose 1.5 metres (5 ft) and took out bridge. The rebuilt shorter bridge proved satisfactory.[2]
- 1917: The cable snapped, setting the scow adrift until grounding near the Kitselas Canyon, where the passengers escaped. The operator lost two fingers.[3]
- 1920–21: A new 13.6-tonne; 13.4-long-ton (15-short-ton) ferry was built.[4]
- 1924–25: A new landing was installed.[5]
- 1927–28: The towers were rebuilt, concrete anchorages added, and the cable replaced.[6]
- 1935–36: A new 4.5-tonne; 4.5-long-ton (5-short-ton) ferry was installed.[7]
- 1936: Snags and debris rushing down the swollen river snapped the main cable, breaking loose the ferry, which drifted to near the head of Kitselas Canyon.[8][9]
- 1948: The superstructure of a 9.1-tonne; 8.9-long-ton (10-short-ton) ferry was renewed[10] to provide a steel replacement for the former wooden ferry.[11] New towers were built and a new cable installed.[12]
- 1950: Spring floods damaged the ferry.[13]
- 1967: An aerial cage capable of carrying an operator and three adult passengers commenced for the wintertime.[14] This basket-type aerial passenger ferry used the existing ferry cable.[15]
- 1968: A man drowned following an accident at the ferry.[16]
- 1974: The introduction of a double shift extended daily hours.[17]
- 1977–78: Separate towers were erected for the aerial and reaction ferries.[18]
- 1980–81: The aerial ferry motor was moved from the side of the car to the bottom. A new reaction ferry with longer pontoons was constructed.[19]
- 1990: Serious complaints regarding the ferry workers were investigated and corrective action taken.[20] At this time, the two-vehicle, 12-passenger ferry operated 14 hours daily.[21]
- 2002: Service reduced from 18 to 17 hours daily.[22]
- 2004: Nechako Northcoast Construction (NNC) became the service contractor.[23]
- 2013: A commemorative plaque celebrating the centenary was unveiled.[24]
- c.2014: The NNC contract was renewed.[25]
- 2020: Emil Anderson Maintenance bought NNC.[26]
Operation
[edit]At some point, the winter suspension bridge was discontinued. During the 1950s and 1960s, a rowboat was used instead.[27] When the ice thickness was sufficient, an ice crossing served pedestrians.[28] This was sometimes little more than planks laid across the ice and a small shallow boat travelling the gap in the middle.[29]
The ferry service is under contract to the British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure (MOTI) and is free of tolls, as are all inland ferries in British Columbia.[30] Emil Anderson Maintenance operates the five- to seven-minute crossing, which runs from 6:45 am until 11:15 pm, with three scheduled breaks. The ferry has a capacity for two vehicles (or one vehicle combination up to 12 metres (39 ft)) and 12 passengers.[31]
See also
[edit]Footnotes
[edit]- ^ Minister of Public Works annual report, 1913–14. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. Q34.
- ^ a b Clapp 1991, p. 58.
- ^ "Daily Colonist". archive.org. 1 Jul 1917. p. 28.
- ^ Minister of Public Works annual report, 1920–21. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. 34 (E18).
- ^ Minister of Public Works annual report, 1924–25. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. 46 (Q24).
- ^ Minister of Public Works annual report, 1927–28. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. 42 (U24).
- ^ Minister of Public Works annual report, 1935–36. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. 38 (I30).
- ^ "Usk, B.C". www.terracelibrary.ca.
- ^ Septer 2007, p. 34.
- ^ Minister of Public Works annual report, 1947–48. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. 45 (N29).
- ^ Minister of Public Works annual report, 1948–49. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. O9.
- ^ Septer 2007, p. 50.
- ^ Septer 2007, p. 55.
- ^ "BC Road Runner" (PDF). www2.gov.bc.ca. Vol. 4, no. 1. Mar 1967. p. 4.
- ^ Minister of Highways annual report, 1967–68. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. C109.
- ^ "Prince George Citizen". pgnewspapers.pgpl.ca. 11 Jun 1968. p. 3.
- ^ Minister of Highways annual report, 1973–74. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. B139.
- ^ Minister of Highways and Public Works annual report, 1977–78. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. 159.
- ^ Ministry of Transportation and Highways annual report, 1980–81. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. 342.
- ^ "Terrace Standard". www.newspapers.com. 22 Aug 1990. p. 3.
- ^ Clapp 1991, p. 74.
- ^ "Debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard)" (PDF). www.leg.bc.ca. 9 Apr 2002. p. 17 (2677).
- ^ "The Comp-Ten Report" (PDF). www2.cloudfront.net. BCGEU. July 2005. p. 3.
- ^ "Usk Reaction Ferry". www.gent.name.
- ^ "Terrace Standard". www.terracestandard.com. 9 Jul 2014.
"Terrace Standard". www.newspapers.com. 6 Dec 2018. p. A8.The town of North Usk…reaction ferry service but have been depending more heavily on the aerial cable car instead. Both services are on-demand and operated by Nechako Northcoast…
- ^ "Terrace Standard". www.newspapers.com. 30 Jul 2020. p. A13.
…highways road and bridge maintenance contractor Nechako Northcoast has been sold to Emil Anderson…
- ^ Minister of Highways annual report, 1958–59. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. G61.
Minister of Highways annual report, 1961–62. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. J104. - ^ Minister of Highways annual report, 1964–65. library.ubc.ca (Report). p. C106.
- ^ "Saluting a Century of Usk's Skeena River Ferrymen". www.tranbc.ca.
- ^ "Inland Ferries". www2.gov.bc.ca.
- ^ "Usk Reaction Ferry". www2.gov.bc.ca.
References
[edit]- Clapp, Frank A. (1991). Ministry of Transportation and Highways, Lake and River Ferries. Ministry of Transportation and Highways. ISBN 0-7726-1364-8.
- Septer, D. (2007). Flooding and Landslide Events Northern British Columbia 1820–2006 (PDF). www.gov.bc.ca (Report).