| Modified Clavien Grade | Sub-Grade | Complication | Frequency (%) | Management |
I | Any deviation from the normal postoperative course with no need for pharmacological treatment or surgical, endoscopic, and radiological interventions | - | Vesico-cutaneous fistula (Id) | 4 (1.6) | Urethral catheterization + continuous bladder drainage |
Retrograde ejaculation | 2 (0.8)vb | Masterly inactivity | |||
Transient urinary incontinence (Id) | 2 (0.8) | Perineal physiotherapy | |||
II | Complications requiring pharmacological treatment. Blood transfusions and total parenteral nutrition are also included | - | Intra-operative haemorrhage | 23 (9.4) | Blood transfusion |
Post-operative anaemia | 9 (3.6) | Blood transfusion | |||
Secondary haemorrhage | 2 (0.8%) | Antibiotics, Bladder irrigation, Blood transfusion | |||
Surgical site infection | 24 (9.8) | Wound dressing; antibiotics | |||
Urosepsis | 4 (1.6) | Antibiotics | |||
Epididymo-orchitis | 3 (1.2) | Antibiotics | |||
Osteitis pubis | 1 (0.4) | Analgesics | |||
III | Complications requiring surgical, endoscopic, or radiological intervention | IIIa: Intervention not under general anaesthesia | Clot retention | 3 (1.2) | Cystoscopic clot evacuation |
Bladder neck stenosis | 8 (3.2) | Bouginage | |||
Urethral stricture (incomplete) | 2 (0.8) | Bouginage | |||
Partial wound dehiscence | 2 (0.8) | Secondary suturing | |||
IIIb: Intervention under general anaesthesia | - | - | - | ||
IV | Life-threatening complications requiring intensive care unit stay | IVa: Single organ dysfunction (including dialysis) | - | - | - |
IVb: Multi-organ dysfunction | - | - | - | ||
V | Death of the patient | - | Perioperative mortality | 1 (0.4) | Massive pulmonary embolism |
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| Total | 90 (36.4) |
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