йڿ
ݿ
û Ȳ ȭ
̿ å, 30 ħü
2000 ʹ, ߱ ¡ 湮 ̾. Ȳ 13 ϰ ߱Ʊ ̾. ý ʴ´. 1966 8 24, ȫ ߱ Ѽϰ Ȳ ý ¿. ȫ ̷ ַ ¡ó ̾.
縦 忡 , å . ij 긮Ƽ÷ƴ Ƽ ȭ ã´. ʹݿ 1586~1588 ˳ Ȱ ѱ ־. 20 1615, ° ̻ ƿ . ߿ ܿ£ ̾ ġ, Ϻο 갭 ıư, ѱ Ż ۵ƴ.
, ȭ . ǥ 1815 εþ Ž ȭ ̴. 2,000 ̷ Ը ū ȭ ߷, 1816 ̱ ض Ҹ . ̱ ۵ Ȳ . ߸ ں ξ Ѱ ǰ ־, ߿ ܿ ο ǹߴ. 1815~1824 2.56%, 1805~1814 1.52% ½ پѴ´. 꼺 ӵǴ ٴȸ ȭ Ͻ ĥ , ɰ ⸦ ϱ .
1. ٴ ȸ Ȳ ϴ
̻ ̾߱⸦ 鼭 ' Ŀ Ȳ ٴ ̾߱' ǹ ǰ ִ. 꼺 Ƹ ɼ ſ . Ȳ .
Ȳ ̳Ĵ ' 谡 Բ ̴ ã '̶ ִ. Ҵ ϸ, Һ Ҵ ҷ ̾. Ȳ ϸ Ǽȯ ɼ .
Ǽȯ ؼ ൿ Ѵ. η Ȱϱ ô 쵵 ִ. Ը Ŀ鼭 ᱹ ΰ þҴ. 1929 ̱, 1990 Ϻ Ȳ ˿ ʶ ָ ġ ִ.
2. 1929 Ȳ, θ ̴ ϴ
1929 , ֽĽ ر ̱ 븦 ϰ ־. 尡 'T' ڵ 1,000 ̻ ȸ Һȸ ñ⿴ ̴. ֽİ ϰ ڰ þ .
ä п ͷ ũ þٴ ̴. ְ ϶ϱ ϸ, ɰ Ų. Ѻ . Ա ȯ ְ , (Margin Call) Ѵ. ̶ ״ ߰ 㺸 ֽ̳ ġ ʴ , ֽ ŵ ȸϰڴ١ 뺸 ǹѴ. ڰ ް Ȳ ְ ϶ϸ Ǽȯ Ѵ.
̷ 1929 ̱ ֽĽ忡 Ը . 1924 Ը 223,000 Ұ, 1927 443,000, 1929 10 4 Ȳ 85 Ҿ. 1929 ̱ ѻ(GDP) Ը 1,000 ̾ ̹ 8% Ѵ ڻ ֽ ڿ ̾ ̴. ֽİ ϰ, ̰ ٽ ̾ ɼ ٴ ֿ.
̱ δ ü ʾҴ. Ļϰ, δ ƹ ʾҴ. GDP 1930 ڸ . 1930 ̱ ̳ʽ 11.8% ϸ ް پ ϸ, ް پ ̴.
ü ̷ ൿ ? ְ, Ҵ ̷, û(liquidationist theory) . ̷ źϴ 1920밡 ģ ȣٰ̾ ǴѴ. ñ⸦ ʿ ÷̼ ñ, ¥ ñⰡ ; Ѵٰ ߴ. Ʈ Ĺ 繫 ̾ ص ᷱ "뵿ڸ û϶, ֽ û϶, û϶, ε û϶!" ƴ.
忡 ٸ ֽ ۵鿡 ϴ ü ؼ ̴. ǰó , ʹ " ξå ȸŰ Ȳ ߾ ۾ ϼ ϸ, ڵ û ʰ ״ ְ ȴ١ ȴٰ ߴ.
1929 Ȳ û å ã . ݺ(ȭ ġ ݰ Ǵ ȭ) Ʊ ̴. ٸ, ̱ ΰ ر ǹ ̾ ν Ȳ Ű и ̶ ȴ.
3. Ϻ , (ʤ) 20% ϶ ȯȣϴ
1929 Ȳ , ν εǸ鼭 Ȳ ٹ . ϰ ۵ǰ Ǿ ġ , ݸ ϰ ÷ żϰ Ȳ ŻŰ Ŵ . 1989 Ϻ ܿ.
23 Ⱦ ̱ ü ְ, ٱ ߽ɿ ġ () ǹ ij ü ڻ갡 Ǯ 强(ѱ ȹ ) Ϻ Į ̾ . åݸ 2.5% 6.0% λ ̴. ư 强 1991 ε ⺸ ؼ ȴٴ ħ ν, ݸ λ ȭϴ ൿ ϱ ̸.
ݸ λ, 1990 4 ̶ũ Ʈ ħ ġ鼭 Ϻ ں İ پ. Ϻ ̿ ߽(߲) 20% ϶ ߴ. ״ 'ս ' â Ϻ Ư ϴ ȭ ĥ ִٰ ߴ ̴.
ڿ 1929 ̱ ǹ̴. 㺸ġ ϸ鼭 ν ߴ. ֽİ ε ÿ ϶ϸ鼭 ȸ , ڿ Һ ۿ . Ư ڻ κ ֽ Ǿ ־, ְ ϶ ڱں ҷ ̾. Ϻ ֽ ϴ ִ ŷ 踦 Դµ, ְ ιũ ý ظϰ ƴ ̴.
2012 ƺͽ, ʸ ã ȭ Ȯ å ӿ åݸ λ ʴ. 30 ħü , ΰ ο öŸ ŸƮ ʱ ̴. 1 ̻ ġ , ڰ 8 Ұ α ݿ ġ ϴ ѱ 14 Ϻ Ȳ ִ.
4. ص ᷱ, ̿ ߽ø ϱ?
̻ ϸ, Ȳ å 籹 Ȯš ϴ . 1929 ص ᷱ , 1989 ̿ ߽ ̵ ϼؾ Ѵ١ ϰ ൿ ű Ȳ ѷ ̴. ̵ ħϴ ġ ߾, ̵鿡Ը å ̴. ϰſ ذ ϴ ̵鿡 ûڵ ع żϰ ٰ ִ ƴϰڴ°. ε 2 ̿ 縦 ʱ⸦ ٶ ϴ.
ñ
- , Ű 'ġ ı' ΰٸ̵
- [ܵ] 뺯 'Ŵ, '
- , ̺ 顦 ' ӽż ¥ '
- 40%? ' ' ' ȣ '
- 'ȸ ' 85 ڱ ƴ
ۿ ϵǸ
˷帱? Ʈۿ
αϽø ˸ ȳ 帱Կ.