UAE updates VAT Treatment of Cryptocurrencies in Latest Regulatory Change
The United Arab Emirates has provided important clarification on the Value Added Tax (VAT) treatment of cryptocurrencies and other virtual assets in its latest regulatory update. Cabinet Decision No. 100 of 2024, amending the Executive Regulation of Federal Decree Law No. 8 of 2017 on Value Added Tax, was issued on September 6, 2024, and will take effect from November 15, 2024 [1].
Key Updates:
1. Definition of Virtual Assets
The regulation now includes a formal definition of "Virtual Assets" as: "Digital representation of value that can be digitally traded or converted and can be used for investment purposes, and does not include digital representations of fiat currencies or financial securities." [1]
2. Classification as Financial Services
Activities related to virtual assets are now explicitly classified as financial services. These include:
- Transfer of ownership of Virtual Assets, including virtual currencies
- Conversion of Virtual Assets
- Keeping and managing Virtual Assets and enabling control thereof [1]
3. VAT Exemption
Importantly, certain virtual asset-related services are now exempt from VAT. Specifically, the regulation states that "Services specified in paragraphs (k) and (l) of Clause 2 of this Article, including services supplied on or after 1 January 2018" are exempt [1]. This covers the transfer of ownership and conversion of Virtual Assets.
Implications for the Industry:
This regulatory update provides clarity for businesses operating in the cryptocurrency and blockchain space in the UAE. The retroactive application of the VAT exemption to January 1, 2018 for specific services is particularly noteworthy, as it aligns with the initial implementation date of VAT in the UAE [2].
By classifying certain virtual asset services as exempt financial services, the UAE is refining its approach to the taxation of these digital assets. However, it's important to note that while these services are exempt from VAT, this typically means that input VAT incurred in relation to making these supplies is not recoverable, as per general VAT principles.
Conclusion:
This regulatory update represents a significant development in the UAE's approach to the taxation of virtual assets. It provides greater certainty for businesses and investors in the cryptocurrency space, potentially impacting the UAE's position in the blockchain and cryptocurrency sector.
References:
[1] Cabinet Decision No. 100 of 2024 – Issued 6 Sept 2024 (Effective from 15 Nov 2024)
[2] Federal Decree-Law No. (8) of 2017 on Value Added Tax
Aliasgar Poonawalla JRB Chartered Accountants Salman Rafique Muneeb Jalgaonkar Saabith Uwaim Rayhan Aleem Tax Star