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Article History

Received: 23 January 2020

Accepted: 2 June 2020

First Online: 15 June 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The representative facility of this registry is Kyoto University, and this observational study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, with approval by each ethics committee of seven institutes (Kyoto University, Osaka University, Osaka Medical College, Kansai Medical University, Kobe University, Nara Medical University, and Osaka Red Cross Hospital). This study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Review Board of Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (approval number: 15300), and the board waived the requirement for patients’ informed consent because of the anonymous nature of the data. Written informed consent was obtained from participants in other institutes.

: Not applicable.

: KE is affiliated with the Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, which is supported by Taisho. KE has received research grants from Abbvie, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Chugai, Eisai, Ono Pharmaceutical, and UCB Japan. KE has received payments for lectures from Abbvie, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Ayumi, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Ono Pharmaceutical, Sanofi, and UCB Japan. TH received a research grant and/or speaker fee from Astellas, Chugai, Nippon Shinyaku, Abbvie, Eisai, and Ono Pharmaceutical. YM received a research grant and/or speaker fee from Eli Lilly, Chugai, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Mitsubishi-Tanabe. MHashimoto and KM are affiliated with a department that is financially supported by four pharmaceutical companies (Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Chugai, Ayumi, and UCB Japan) and the city government (Nagahama City). MHashimoto received a research grant and/or speaker fee from Astellas, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Eisai, Eli Lilly, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. KM received a speaking fee and/or consulting fee from Eisai. TT is affiliated with a department that is financially supported by six pharmaceutical companies (Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Chugai, Ayumi, Astellas, Eisai, and Takeda). TT received a research grant from Chugai, CoverLetter, and a speaker fee from Astellas, Chugai, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Abbvie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ayumi, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Takeda, and Asahi-Kasei. AO received a speaker fee from Chugai, Ono Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Asahi-Kasei, and Takeda. RH received a speaker fee from AbbVie. MHirao received a speaker fee from Astellas, Ono Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Pfizer, Ayumi, and Takeda. AK received a research grant and/or speaker fee from Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Chugai, Eisai, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Abbvie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ono Pharmaceutical, and Pfizer. WY, HS, YS, HA, KA, MK, and KY have no financial conflicts of interest to disclose concerning this manuscript. These companies had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, and preparation of the manuscript.