Wie kann man ein Anlagenlayout für den Gefahrstoffumschlag entwerfen?

1. Read about process and operations of the plant. 2. Know about the hazard and risk of the plant. 3. Check the relevant code and standards who tells about plant layout. 4. Follow those standards and design layout accordingly. 5. For Example- In case of petroleum refinery and oil terminal we follow OISD 118.

The first step in designing a plant layout for hazardous material handling is to identify the types and quantities of hazardous materials that will be used, stored, or processed in the plant. You need to know their physical and chemical properties, potential reactions, and compatibility with other materials. You also need to assess the risks associated with each hazard, such as fire, explosion, spillage, leakage, or exposure. You can use tools such as hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA), material safety data sheets (MSDS), or hazard and operability studies (HAZOP) to help you with this step.

The next step is to segregate and isolate the hazardous materials from other areas and activities in the plant. You need to create separate zones or rooms for different classes of hazards, such as flammable, corrosive, or radioactive. You also need to provide adequate ventilation, drainage, and fire protection systems for each zone. You need to limit the access and movement of people and vehicles in and out of the hazardous zones, and use signs, labels, and barriers to warn and inform them of the hazards. You can use tools such as zoning diagrams, layout drawings, or process flow diagrams to help you with this step.

The third step is to optimize the material flow within and between the hazardous zones. You need to design the layout to minimize the distance, time, and frequency of transporting and handling hazardous materials. You also need to avoid crossing or mixing different hazards, and use appropriate equipment and methods for each hazard. You need to consider the ergonomics, safety, and efficiency of the workers and operators involved in the material flow. You can use tools such as value stream mapping, spaghetti diagrams, or simulation models to help you with this step.

The final step is to implement the control measures to reduce or eliminate the hazards and risks in the plant layout. You need to follow the hierarchy of controls, which prioritizes elimination, substitution, engineering, administrative, and personal protective measures. You need to apply the relevant standards, codes, and regulations for hazardous material handling, such as OSHA, NFPA, or EPA. You also need to provide training, supervision, and emergency response plans for the workers and operators involved in the hazardous material handling. You can use tools such as checklists, audits, or inspections to help you with this step.

In my career journey once I visited a plant where I see that in the ammonia shelter air balloon was not working properly if in any case there will be any leakage happen then it will be big fatal.