To optimize solar panel performance during unpredictable weather, employ advanced weather forecasting tools and AI-driven energy prediction models to improve accuracy. Integrate energy storage systems like batteries to manage supply fluctuations. Use bifacial panels and trackers to enhance generation under variable sunlight. For high Deviation Settlement Mechanism (DSM) penalties, maintain robust forecasting practices and real-time monitoring to reduce deviations. Collaborate with grid operators for flexible scheduling. Over-generate slightly within permissible limits to buffer against inaccuracies, minimizing penalties. Regularly update models with localized weather data for adaptive and precise energy predictions.

Unpredictable weather patterns significantly impact solar panel performance, primarily due to fluctuations in solar irradiance, shading, and dust accumulation. Setting up a small weather station at the solar farm with essential monitoring devices like a pyranometer, thermometer, anemometer, and dust particle sensor will enable real-time tracking of these parameters. This data allows for timely corrective actions, such as adjusting panel angles, scheduling cleaning, or addressing shading issues, thereby optimizing performance and ensuring consistent energy output.

To optimize solar panel performance in the face of unpredictable weather, I would implement real-time monitoring systems to track performance and detect issues promptly. Choosing high-quality, weather-resilient panels and mounting systems ensures durability against extreme conditions like heavy rain, snow, and temperature fluctuations. Integrating energy storage allows excess energy to be stored during sunny periods, providing a stable power supply during cloudy weather. Predictive maintenance through data-driven insights helps schedule panel servicing before performance drops. Finally, designing the system with extra capacity can account for energy fluctuations, ensuring consistent energy generation despite changing weather conditions.

To optimize solar panel performance in unpredictable weather, use high-efficiency modules like monocrystalline, which excel in low-light, and bifacial panels that capture sunlight from both sides, boosting output in cloudy conditions. Adjustable mounts and tracking systems ensure optimal sun exposure. Microinverters and power optimizers minimize energy losses from shading. Regular cleaning and system maintenance are essential. Battery storage, like lithium-ion, ensures energy availability during low sunlight. Real-time monitoring detects issues early, and weather-resistant components protect against harsh conditions.

I think everyone have answered it. but if regulatory body ask for query of unpredictibility, i think best answer is FORCE MAJEURE :) :)