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忽

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
忽 U+5FFD, 忽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FFD
← 忼
[U+5FFC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 忾 →
[U+5FFE]

Translingual

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Han character

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忽 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心竹心 (PHP), four-corner 27332, composition ⿱勿心)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 378, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10405
  • Dae Jaweon: page 707, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2274, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5FFD

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 忽
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (勿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
脗 *minʔ
吻 *mɯnʔ
刎 *mɯnʔ
伆 *mɯnʔ, *mɯd
勽 *buːs, *mɯnʔ
沕 *mrɯd, *mɯd
忽 *hmɯːd
昒 *hmɯːd, *mɯd
惚 *hmɯːd
匫 *hmɯːd
笏 *hmɯːd
曶 *hmɯːd
淴 *ʔmɯːd
物 *mɯd
勿 *mɯd
芴 *mɯd
岉 *mɯd

Historically and academically considered a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmɯːd) : phonetic 勿 (OC *mɯd) + semantic 心 (“heart”). Incorrectly colloquially explained as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 勿 (“not”) + 心 (“heart”).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 忽
alternative forms 芴

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 忽
Mandarin Beijing /xu⁵⁵/
Harbin /xu⁴⁴/
Tianjin /xu²¹/
Jinan /xu²¹³/
Qingdao /xu⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /xu²⁴/
Xi'an /xu²¹/
Xining /xv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /xu¹³/
Lanzhou /xu³¹/
Ürümqi /xu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /xu²¹³/
Chengdu /fu³¹/
Guiyang /fu²¹/
Kunming /xu³¹/
Nanjing /xuʔ⁵/
Hefei /xuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuəʔ²/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /xuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /hoʔ⁵/
Suzhou /huəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /hoʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ɕy²¹³/
Hui Shexian /xuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /xu⁵/
Xiang Changsha /fu²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸu²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /fɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fut̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /fɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /fut̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hut̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xo²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /huk̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hut̚⁵/
Rime
Character 忽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 沒 (56)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 呼骨切
Baxter xwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/huət̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/huot̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hwət̚/
Li
Rong 		/xuət̚/
Wang
Li 		/xuət̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xuət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 忽
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		hū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xwot ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m̥ˁut/
English careless; confused

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 忽
Reading # 1/1
No. 13211
Phonetic
component 		勿
Rime
group 		物
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		忽
Old
Chinese 		/*hmɯːd/

Definitions

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忽

  1. suddenly; abruptly
  2. to neglect; to ignore
  3. (dated) the number 10-5; 1/100000th of certain units of measure
    忽米  ―  hūmǐ  ―  centimillimeter
    1. (Mainland China) traditional unit of length equal to 1/100000th of 寸 (cùn, “Chinese inch, 1/3 decimeter”) ≈ 0.33 micron
    2. (Mainland China) traditional unit of weight equal to 1/100000th of 錢／钱 (qián, “mace”) = 50 microgram
  4. a surname

Compounds

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See also

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Chinese historical small numbers
Value Character Notes
10-1 分 (fèn) Still in use. SI prefix deci-.
10-2 厘 (lí), 釐 (lí) Still in use. SI prefix centi-.
10-3 毫 (háo) Still in use. SI prefix milli-. Also 毛 (máo).
10-4 絲／丝 (sī) Rarely used today.
秒 (miǎo) Obsolete, only in ancient texts.
10-5 忽 (hū) Rarely used today.
10-6 微 (wēi) Still in use. SI prefix micro-.
10-7 纖／纤 (xiān) Obsolete.
10-8 沙 (shā) Obsolete.
10-9 塵／尘 (chén) Obsolete. 納／纳 (nà) and 奈 (nài) are used for nano-.
10-10 埃 (āi) Obsolete. In modern use, the character for angstrom (10-10 m).
10-11 渺 (miǎo) Obsolete.
10-12 漠 (mò) Obsolete. 皮 (pí) is used for SI prefix pico-.

References

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Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
 忽
alternative forms 窟

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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忽 (Cantonese)

  1. place
  2. part

Compounds

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Goguryeo

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Etymology

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Possibly related to Middle Korean 골〯 (kwǒl) and Middle Korean ᄀᆞ옳 (kòwòlh).[1] A possible Wanderwort; see Proto-Uralic *kota for more.[2]

Noun

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忽 (*kuru or *kolo) (Records of the Three Kingdoms 溝漊).[1][2]

  1. castle, fortress

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lim, Byung-joon (1999) (A) Study on the borrowed writings of the dialect of Koguryo Dynasty in Ancient Korean (MA), Konkuk University
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Vovin, Alexander (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎[1], volume 15, number 2 (PDF), John Benjamins Publishing Company, →DOI, pages 222-240

Japanese

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Kanji

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忽

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. in a moment
  2. instantly
  3. all of a sudden
  4. neglect
  5. disregard

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): こつ (kotsu)
  • Kun: ゆるがせ (yurugase, 忽せ)、たちまち (tachimachi, 忽ち)

Korean

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Hanja

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忽 • (hol) (hangeul 홀)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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忽: Hán Nôm readings: hốt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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