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Regulation No 1829/2003 infringes the principle of institutional balance in that (i) the European Parliament did not have any power during the authorisation procedure while the Commission had too much power, and (ii) the Member States were left without any discretion;

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Regulation No 1829/2003 infringes the precautionary principle in that it fails to take sufficient account of the threats to public health, the environment, agriculture and rearing which genetically modified food and feed would pose;

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Regulation No 1829/2003 infringes the rights of consumers, first, by failing to provide for any measure enabling consumers to be informed that the animals which they consume have been fed GMOs and, second, by permitting substantively incorrect information regarding the absence of GMOs in products which actually contain GMOs but in a proportion no higher than 0.9 %;

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it fails to provide sufficient reasoning, which constitutes an infringement of an essential procedural requirement, in so far as the Commission's decision merely refers to the opinion of the European Food Safety Authority (‘EFSA’);

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the Commission failed to exercise the powers invested in it (‘incompétence négative’) by refraining from exercising its discretion, which constitutes a misuse of procedure;

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the precautionary principle was infringed, since the methods of evaluation used by EFSA were incomplete and the evaluation of maize Bt11 was too uncertain;

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the rights of consumers were infringed by failing to label animals fed with maize Bt11 and due to a lack of transparency in relation to products containing less than 0.9% of maize Bt11.