Comment évaluer efficacement l’efficacité de votre système de détection d’intrusion ?

A system called an intrusion detection system (IDS) observes network traffic for malicious transactions and sends immediate alerts when it is observed. IDS are classified into 5 types: 1) Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) 2) Host Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) 3) Protocol-based Intrusion Detection System (PIDS) 4) Application Protocol-based Intrusion Detection System (APIDS) 5) Hybrid Intrusion Detection System There are some ways to check the effective of IDS system. 1) Simulate the real-life environment and test by sending the suspicious packets etc 2) Check for the percentage of false positive 3) Check the latest threats VS blocked threats in the IDS-generated data 4) Check for automated updated threats etc in console.

Evaluate your intrusion detection system by checking: False Positives: Low is good. False Negatives: Low is good. Detection Time: Faster is better. Alert Accuracy: Clear and relevant alerts. Adaptability: Updates against new threats. Incident Response: Effective response mechanisms. Training: Keep the team well-trained.

Conduza testes regulares de penetração simulando cenários realistas. Analise os registros de incidentes para identificar padrões e avaliar a taxa de detecção de ameaças conhecidas e desconhecidas. Monitore métricas de desempenho, como tempo de resposta e taxa de falsos positivos. Mantenha-se atualizado com as tendências de segurança e ajuste as assinaturas e regras do sistema conforme necessário. Além disso, promova treinamentos regulares para a equipe de segurança e documente os resultados das avaliações para aprimorar continuamente a eficácia do sistema. Espero ter ajudado!

Evaluation of the intrusion Detection System(IDS) effectiveness Defining the organizational strategic goals that drive the ICT Governance, are critical to determining effectiveness of the IDS. Under the technological controls the ICT policies must clearly spell out how logs and alerts from security tools, which encompass IDS, will be managed. The ICT Security Officer's role should therefore be to establish the baseline of normal behaviours and monitor for anomalies. Normal and peak hours behaviours with all exceptions being captured and analyzed in comparison with established baselines. As IDS tools are a type of Threat Intelligence System, leveraging on machine learning and artificial intelligence will enhance effectiveness.

The IDS should be tested against a wide range of attack vectors, including the latest and most sophisticated threats. This ensures that the system is not just effective against known threats, but also adaptable to emerging ones.

We can consider these three metrics. False Positive Rate (FPR): Measures the proportion of non-malicious events incorrectly identified as threats. A lower FPR indicates better accuracy. False Negative Rate (FNR): Reflects the rate at which actual threats are missed or not detected. Lower FNR is desirable, as it indicates better sensitivity. True Positive Rate (TPR) or Recall: Measures the percentage of actual threats correctly identified by the IDS. Higher TPR signifies better detection capability.

Defining clear objectives and metrics for IDS is crucial These can be achieved by paying attention to the following: 1. Align IDS objectives with the overall security and business goals of the organization. Consider factors such as protecting sensitive data, ensuring system availability, and maintaining regulatory compliance. 2. Identify and prioritize the assets, systems, and data that the IDS should protect. This could include critical servers, databases, network segments, and sensitive information. 3. Conduct a thorough analysis of the organization's threat landscape. Understand the types of threats your organization is likely to face, considering factors such as industry, geographic location, and the nature of your business.

The effectiveness of an IDS is also gauged by its response time. This is the time taken from the initial detection of a potential threat to the point where the system responds or alerts the administrators. A lower response time is preferable, as it allows for quicker mitigation of threats.

Metrics need to be defined at various levels. Create KRIs with trend analysis for management but also operational KPIs to evaluate the effectiveness of your IDS. Make sure that every party is informed of the metrics that are relevant to them. Try to make your metrics easy to gather and distribute

Data volume: In large networks, the volume of data to be analyzed can be very high, which can overload monitoring systems and affect network performance. Configuration and maintenance: Configuration and maintenance of an IDS requires advanced and up-to-date technical knowledge. It is necessary to correctly configure the sensors, define detection rules and the False positives: An IDS can generate false positives, that is, alerts of suspicious activity that are actually legitimate. This can lead to an overload of alerts and make it difficult to identify.

Ensure you standardize log formats if you share log information with tools like SIEM to do log correlation more effectively. ONLY collect data that are used for detections. Collecting excessive data creates risks and makes detection more difficult.

When data packets are sent in a network, IDS looks for similar patterns in the data packets to match with the threat signatures in the existing database. If a threat signature is matched, the network administrator is alerted.

Additionally, using Big data environment and applying ML algorithms for the analysis will move you to the next step. As after tuning the Algorithm, the analysis time and efficiency will be increased. Also it will be very beneficial since the analysis is not a one time task .

An effective IDS must be scalable and stable under varying network conditions and loads. This means it should perform consistently and reliably, regardless of the network size or traffic volume.

A implementação é um caminho a ser perseguido e de longa duração. Não basta adquirir um IDS e, depois de instalá-lo, achar que os problemas de segurança da informação foram resolvidos. No início, poderá existir muita reclamação, tanto dos usuários como dos técnicos. Duas medidas são válidas, além das de praxe, como analisar dados, diminuir falsos positivos, realizar varreduras etc: comunicar aos colaboradores que poderão ocorrer bloqueios em função da implementação de políticas do negócio – que devem ser informados ao departamento de TI - e treinar os técnicos para extraírem a performance máxima do sistema IDS. Isso leva tempo e requer paciência. Nada que uma boa comunicação não resolva.

Try to automate response where possible. IDS systems can produce vast amounts of alerts. These alerts may overwhelm your organization. There any many alerts that can easily be combined with automated responses to increasing the effectiveness and timeliness of response to detections.

An Intrusion Detection System provides a clear view of what is happening within your network. It is a valuable source of information about suspicious or malicious network traffic. There are few practical alternatives to an IDS that allow you to track network traffic in depy.

The IDS represents only the technological facet of security. To accurately assess the overall detection and monitoring capabilities, it is crucial to test people, processes, and technological components. Engaging in intelligence-led red teaming exercises simulates relevant real-world attacks on the organisation, enabling the evaluation of the system's capacity to detect and respond to such threats. It is equally important to address any detection gaps identified during this exercise. Once these gaps in detection engineering are filled, it is advisable to adopt a purple team approach to testing threat scenarios. This approach assesses the organisation's ability to trigger appropriate responses and effectively mitigate emerging cyber threats.

A experiência demonstra que o que mitiga uma superfície de ataque é um conjunto de medidas, como o treinamento dos colaboradores e a aquisição de tecnologias avançadas, como um IDS dotado de segurança aprimorada, automação e IA para detectar anomalias, capacidade de observância para auditorias e compliance, aplicação de políticas do negócio e outras. Mas existem outras tecnologias que podem ser “orquestradas” com o IDS, como um firewall de última geração (NGFW), chaves SSH, VPNs, criptografia SSL/TLS (PKI), IPS e outras. O importante é ter em mente os riscos do negócio, além das possibilidades orçamentárias e de recursos humanos da empresa a ser protegida. Enfim, equilibrar o desejável com o possível.