[en] Nuclear material requires special protective measures because of its great economic importance, its toxicity (especially plutonium), and its military value. Usually the total complex of nuclear material control is subdivided into a) physical protection measures which are applied to protect nuclear material and installations, and b) international safeguards which are intended to reduce the hazard of nuclear proliferation. In this paper, the present technological and organizational status and some open questions of international nuclear material safeguards are presented in some detail. Physical protection will be touched upon only briefly, as the measures to be taken here do not differ, in principle, from those to be taken elsewhere. (orig./HP)

[en] Three scenarios of the future installation of nuclear capacity in the Federal Republic of Germany are selected on the basis of assumptions concerning long-term demand of primary energy and other factors of influence for the expansion of nuclear energy. The corresponding demand for natural uranium, the requirements for separative work and fuel fabrication, and the situation with regard to reactor construction capacity are described. Because of the heavy dependence of the Federal Republic of Germany on uranium imports, the world-wide development of uranium demand and supply is discussed in some detail. For this purpose, the dependence of the yearly and cumulative uranium demand on the type and the time and speed of introducting of breeding or high converting reactors is analysed. The uranium demand situation and possible difficulties on the supply side are described against the background of uranium reserve and resource data. (orig.)