[en] The reasons for structural changes in electricity production in Czechoslovakia after the year 2000 are reviewed. The problems of using brown coal are presented, and in that context the possibility of using NPPs with high temperature reactors for the gasification of brown coal is discussed. (author). 3 figs

[en] The International Conference on Nuclear Power Performance and Safety, organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency, was held at the Austria Centre Vienna (ACV) in Vienna, Austria, from 28 September to 2 October 1987. The objective of the Conference was to promote an exchange of worldwide information on the current trends in the performance and safety of nuclear power and its fuel cycle, and to take a forward look at the expectations and objectives for the 1990s. This objective was accomplished through presentation and discussion of about 200 papers at the Conference. This is volume 2 of the Conference proceedings. The presentations in this volume were divided into the following sections: plant construction achievements (8 papers); plant availability achievements (12 papers); controlling and financing nuclear power cost (6 papers); achievements in technology transfer and infrastructure development (5 papers); advanced systems (9 papers). A separate abstract was prepared for each of these papers. Refs, figs and tabs

[en] The objective conditions for the development of nuclear power in Czechoslovakia and the country's nuclear power programme are examined. An analysis is given of the interdependence of the development of nuclear power and the country's foreign trade relations. A model available to countries with a developed industrial structure for financing construction and import is presented. (author). 3 tabs

[en] Eight units with WWER-440 type reactors are in operation in Czechoslovakia. In 1987 they accounted for 23% of total electricity production. These plants from the very beginning have shown a high degree of reliability as a result of standardization, design and precommissioning experience. Annual utilization curves are given for all the units. The main factors affecting electricity production are considered (unplanned outages, reloading of fuel, etc.). The results are given of a study of the radiation environment. An analysis is given of important safety related events and measures taken as a result. The role of government inspection and government activities related to safety improvement is discussed. (author). 2 figs, 3 tabs

[en] The paper considers the main achievements in the construction technology of nuclear power plants in the USSR. A standardized plant design using WWER-1000 reactors has been developed and is being introduced in practice. Advanced building and construction technologies are described. (author)

[en] India has a comprehensive nuclear power programme with great emphasis on indigenization and self-reliance. In the field of control and instrumentation systems, the challenges faced by a developing country are best met by development of technology and transfer of technology for production and utilization in a reactor. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre and the Electronics Corporation of India Ltd have both been playing crucial roles as R and D organizations, generating the technology and as a production organization respectively. The various problems faced are illustrated by the example of development of fuel handling control systems for one of the power reactors under construction. The lessons learned are being utilized for spreading technology transfer to the industrial sector, outside the Department of Atomic Energy, to generate greater participation of industry in the Indian nuclear power programme. (author)

[en] The paper discusses (1) the incorporation of Guangdong Nuclear Power Joint Venture Co., Ltd by Guangdong Province and Hong Kong jointly to invest in and operate the Guangdong nuclear power station (GNPS); (2) the GNPS project plan and construction progress status; (3) the financing, construction cost and economic results of GNPS, and (4) principles of schedule control and cost control. Some of the data provided in this paper are only estimates, as the project was only recently started. (author). 3 tabs

[en] In connection with the implementation of the Italian Energy Plan, ENEA has been assigned the role of supporting industrial activities in the field of nuclear power plants through a technological support programme. The paper provides information on ENEA's Industrial Promotion Programme, strategic objectives pursued, financial and personnel resources utilized and the main results achieved. The programme, besides being finalized as regards safety aspects, in terms of preventing, mitigating and managing accidents, concerns the development of the main systems and components of a power plant, covering major aspects of design, building, verification methods and technologies. Besides the technical and technological results achieved both as regards new components and systems, the management structure and methods followed and experimented with in conducting the programme are presented. (author). 2 tabs

[en] The role in the development of nuclear power played by auxiliary equipment in ensuring the reliability and, in particular, the safety of nuclear power plants is growing significantly. Firstly, auxiliary equipment at nuclear power plants is increasing quantitatively by comparison with that at conventional plants; secondly, it fulfils a new function, namely, ensuring the radiation protection of nuclear power plants, since it is the main equipment of the special water purification systems and safety systems of such plants. International experience of nuclear power plant operation shows that the auxiliary equipment has a significant effect on the reliability and safety of these plants. In view of this, the auxiliary equipment has to be more reliable and, in particular, it is necessary to make a more careful quantitative analysis of the reliability indices for auxiliary equipment during its design and operation. (author)

[en] In the German Democratic Republic, nuclear energy is playing an ever increasing role both in electricity generation and in heat supply. The stringent safety-related and economic requirements can only be met by a complete system of plant monitoring. This includes the recording and analysis of all available primary data, leading to measures which ensure safe and economical operation. The integral system employed at the Greifswald nuclear power plant is presented with some selected examples. They demonstrate the evaluation of events (disturbances, damage) affecting availability, on the one hand, and the effectiveness of noise analysis as a method of early failure detection, on the other. The efficiency of the latter procedure is shown in the light of concrete events. As a result of the methods employed, annual availabilities of more than 80% could be achieved with WWER-440 reactors. (author). 6 refs, 7 figs