[en] The Proceedings of Scientific Meeting on Research and Development of Isotopes Application and Radiation has been presented on February 17-18, 2004 in Jakarta. The aims of the Meeting is to disseminate the results of research on application of nuclear techniques on agricultural, animal, industry, hydrology and environment. There were 4 invited papers and 38 papers from BATAN participants as well as outside. The articles are indexing separately. (PPIN)

[en] Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate), PBSA were electron beam irradiated in the presence of inorganic materials. The samples gave high gel fraction by irradiation in the presence of 2% silicon dioxide and 2% carbon black. It was found that addition of carbon black (CB) was effective for improving the heat stability of the sample. This is because of three-dimensional carbon black- polymer networks. Irradiated PBSA sheets broke immediately at 110 ^oC with load 6.67 kgf/cm², while irradiated the same sample mixed with 2% carbon black did not break at the same condition. Biodegradability of crosslinked PBSA by soil burial tests was accelerated by addition of carbon black. (author)

[en] The data treatment results of the small angle scattering from lamellar and cylindrical particles by indirect transformation method has been geometrically analized. Presented the theory of small angle scattering from lamellar and cylindrical particles that gives the cross section scattering function in the reciprocal space and the distance distribution function in the real space. Also discussed the features of the indirect transformation method compare to the conventional method that is the direct transformation method. Presented the data treatment results of the cylindrical particles cross section scattering from the data treatment results of the cylindrical particles scattering. The calculation of the parameters from the two of data sets give values of cross section intensity at zero angle I_t (0) = 0.53640, and I_c (0) = 151.51, cross sections of radius of gyration R_t = 11.461^oA and R_c = 13.908^oA and the maximum diameter of the cross sections D_t (max) = 40^oA and D_c (max) = 40^oA of lamellar and cylindrical particles, respectively. (author)

[en] In the order to develop application of radiation to improve the quality of natural polymers, irradiation effects on physico-chemical characterization of Na-alginate has been carried out. Both Na-alginate powder and solution were irradiated by gamma rays at doses of 0;10;30; and 50 kGy. The parameters observed consisting of viscosity, pH, tensile strength, IR and UV spectra of irradiated and unirradiated samples. The results showed that irradiation up to 50 kGy, did not give effect on pH and no new peak appeared in the IR spectra. However, tensile strength and viscosity decreased with increasing irradiation dose up 50 kGy, which showed the possibility of degradation process on Na-alginate. (author)

[en] Dwarf rice mutant was obtained when Atomita 4 seeds were irradiated by 0.2 kGy gamma rays. The results of segregation analyses in F2 populations and F3 lines derived from reciprocal crosses of mutant and Atomita 4 suggested that the dwarf was controlled by a single recessive gene. This gene was not located on rice cytoplasmic genome but on nuclear genome. The gene for dwarf obtained in this study tentatively could be assumed as a new finding until the allelic relationships with other dwarf genes are verified. (author)

[en] The investigation of γ-ray influence on residues dimethoate insecticides in tomato, was carried out. Tomatoes were soaked into solution of dimethoate insecticides, at concentration of 100; 200; 300; and 400 ppm for 3 minutes. Then the tomatoes were dried at room temperature, after, drying the tomatoes were packed using aluminium foil, and kept for 1 week. Pack, of tomatoes the irradiated with γ-ray at 0; 0.5; 1.0; and 1.5 kGy dose. The residues of insecticide dimethoate was determined by extracting of tomatoes using ethyl acetate solvent and analyzed by Chromatography Gas using Flame Photo Detector. The result showed that dimethoate insecticide residues decreased from 9.74 ppm - 30.56 ppm ranges to become 0.0096 ppm-0.0294 ppm at irradiation of 0.5 kGy dose; 0.0049 ppm - 0.0202 ppm at irradiation of 1.0 kGy; 0.0072 ppm - 0.0152 ppm at irradiation of 1.5 kGy dose, while due a 7 days storage a decrease of only 8.24 ppm - 24.19 ppm occurred. (author)

[en] Study about effects of water content levels on yield components of peanut mutant lines has been conducted. Mutant lines tested were A20/3/PsJ, B30/12/10 and D25/3/2. The original varieties/lines of the mutants were, AH1781Si, Kidang and Pelanduk was included as control. The treatments for levels of water application were 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%, where 100% water available means a difference between water content at field capacity and at content in permanent wilting point. Based on the data of parameters observed, to interaction between varieties/lines and water content levels was not found except for dry matter weight. For this parameter, the highest dry matter was observed when B30/12/10 mutant line was watered by 100% water available. Nevertheless, based on relative values of number of mature pod, dry pod weight and 50 nut weight the A20/3/PsJ mutant line seems tolerant to drought. (author)

[en] Rice straw quality could be increased as feed by fermentation which has been mixed with bacteria inoculum from buffalo rumen. This experiment used rice straw from Atomita 4, four treatments and one control, i.e. A (rice straw, molasses 5 %, urea 5 %, and inoculum 10 %), B (rice straw, molasses 5 %, and urea 5 %), C (rice straw, molasses 5 %, and inoculum 10 %), D (rice straw and molasses 5 %), and K (control) have been used in this experiment. The parameters were digestibility of dry matter and organic matter, VFA, ammonia and in vitro gas production. The result, showed that the highest gas production, dry matter and organic matter digestibility occurred on A i.e. 17.48 ml/200 mg, 57.78%, and 52.39 %. The highest ammonia occurred on D (32.99 mg/100 ml) and the highest VFA occurred on C (12.36 mmol/100 ml). The concentration of ammonia and VFA of A significant to treatment of D and C). It may be concluded that the A treatment is the best and have potency to be develop. (author)

[en] A field experiment has been conducted to increase internal CO₂ and Rubisco activity detected by ¹⁴C and to determinate which factors influence this activities. Plant material used was cotton plants which internal CO₂ concentrations and Rubisco activity was observed at 35, 50, 65, 80 days after planting (DAP). Treatments applied were methanol with concentrations of 0%, 10%,20% and 30% at available water (AW) at 25-50% AW, 50-75% AW, 75-100% AW. Results obtained showed that application of methanol at concentration of 20% at 75-100% AW, increase internal CO₂ from 266.60 ppm to 295.10 ppm (11 % increase) and this will also increase Rubisco activity from 3.81 to 14.28 (μmol. CO₂ menit^-1 (μmol. Rubisco^-1). This increase is expected to push photosynthesis rate and result in increase cotton yield. The use of ¹⁴C was satisfactorily detected the amount of carbon. (author)

[en] Two experiments (dry and wet seasons) have been conducted to study effect of Azolla inoculated in lowland rice culture. Five treatments combination of urea and Azolla tested were: N-0, N-0+Az, N-45+Az, N-90+Az, and N-90. Experiments were designed with completely randomized design (CRD) and each treatment was replicated 4 times. ¹⁵N-labelled urea was used in this experiment to determine N-derived from fertilizer. Results of this experiments showed that planting season did not influenced production of grain, total-N percentage, and total-N uptake of the plant. Azolla inoculation was able to increase dry matter production, percentage of total-N, and plant total-N uptake up to 36 %. The fertilizer use efficiencies were increased 16 % in dry season and 23 % in wet season respectively. This condition expressed that Azolla inoculation in lowland rice could present N-logg through vaporization and water current. (author)