[en] Two wide-angle photomultiplier systems were simultaneously operated over a baseline of nearly 30 km in a search for cosmic optical bursts of fractional microsecond time-scale. In 74 hours of overlapping observation, one event was recorded coincident to 1 ms as against the corresponding accidental coincidence value of 0.14 from Cerenkov light pulses from unrelated cosmic ray showers. The possible cosmic origin of this event, including that from primordial black-hole explosions, is discussed and the corresponding upper limits derived. (orig.)

[en] The paper presents results of correlation between cosmic ray intensity and solar activity for two last solar cycle 1957-1976. Positive correlation between solar activity and cosmic ray intensity was found for the definite heliolatitudes for 1974-1976. It is suggested that cosmic ray modulation is produced by shock waves and streams of solar wind. Coronal holes may be sources of solar wind

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] The results of the aircraft measurements of the charged cosmic ray component obtained at various heights (from 2 to 10 km) at several points in the USSR, are analyzed. The reverse latitude effect is revealed at heights of 3-5 km

[en] Perspectives of use of track autoradiography method on thick-layered photoemulsion for tomography of microheterogeneous materials carrying by radioactive gaseous probes were studied by the methods of mathematical models. Possibilities of the method were illustrated on the system of radon and polyethylene-based composite material. It was shown that microautoradiographic variant of this method permitted to proceed the spatial localization of individual heterogeneities of structure absorbing α-radiating gaseous probe intensively

[en] The overwhelming majority of meteor streams are generally assumed to be formed due to the decay of comets. The most effective process of the release of solid particles from a cometary nucleus is their ejection by sublimating gases when the comet approaches the Sun. The results of investigation of the Geminids and Quadrantids meteor stream evolution show that under the influence of planetary perturbations, the stream may originally be flat but then thicken depending on the variation range of orbital inclinations. Eventually, due to planetary perturbations, a meteor stream may take such a shape as to cause the start of several active showers at different solar longitudes

[en] Cosmic radiation generates high-energy secondary radiation in the outer layers of the atmosphere. The contribution of this radiation to the total natural dose, about 0,3 mSv at sea level out of a yearly average of 2,4 mSv, increases with increasing altitude. On certain flight routes, air staff may therefore be subject to a higher radiation exposure than people on the ground. This exposure depends on the flight duration, the altitude, the geomagnetic latitude and solar activity. The present report describes the complex composition of the radiation field at civil flight levels (10 km to 14 km) and measurements of the dose equivalent at these levels. The methods and fundamentals of radiation exposure assessment in scuh a radiation field are discussed. Determination of the ambient dose equivalent is considered to be appropriate and its measurement and calculation are dealt with in separate sections. In a concluding evaluation it is proposed using calculation methods to determine the ambient dose equivalent if these calculations are periodically verified by area monitoring measurements. (orig.). 35 figs., 1 tab

[en] We have recently started a systematic study of short-period (periods less than 60 min) variations in the cosmic-ray intensity. By making use of the MEM, we have found intensity oscillations with periods varying from 16 to 27 minutes during the GLE on February 16, 1984

[en] This thesis is a description of a new measurement of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation. The instrument, a balloon-borne filter photometer, is described in detail. The photometer is liquid helium cooled and calibrated in flight with a 2.3K blackbody. Data from the first flight are analyzed. The subtraction of the atmospheric component of the flux from the sky proved to be more difficult than was expected before the flight. A slow decrease of the measured flux from the sky limited the precision of the subtraction. Despite these difficulties the spectrum was measured. All five temperatures are consistent with temperatures in the range 2.78 +/- 0.11 K. No significant deviation from a thermal spectrum was detected