[en] Mechanoluminescence (ML) as a novel light emitting phenomenon has attracted much attention for its potential applications such as advanced sensors, display, and photodynamic therapy. In recent years, considerable research activities have been focused on elastico-mechanoluminescence (EML) for their linear, reusable and non-destructive light emitting properties, which are important for practical applications. However, in-depth investigations still need to be carried out to further clarify the underlying luminescing mechanisms and explore new phosphors with better EML performance. This review article introduces the research progress of EML phosphors, including their classification, light-emitting mechanisms, characterizations, and their latest applications.

[en] Highlights: • Development of nanocarriers for PDT in wound healing process is of quite challenge. • PDT is promising alternative approach for improved wound healing treatment method. • Biocompatible biomaterials become a dynamic role in each wound healing stages. • Pharmaceutical nanocarriers can significantly improve the wound healing efficacy. • Nanocarrier systems may improve in vitro and in vivo applications of wound related. -- Abstract: In the present scenario, promising efforts have been improved by the researchers towards the development of nanocarriers that can be challenge fundamental tasks in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for wound management. In the past few years, nanotechnology-based therapy has attracted good attention with the advancement of nanotechnology such as PDT, chemotherapy, photothermal therapy. PDT has emerged as a promising clinical treatment method for wound healing. In this respect, great effort has been made towards the development of nanocarriers for targeted PDT in wound management. Nowadays, attention is concentrated on the advancement of nanomaterials using innovative methods in wound care for treating wounds with the faster healing effect. In this review, we present and discuss how nanocarriers have arisen as an interesting delivery nanoplatform for effective and consistent PDT. They can be easily delivered photodynamically and can demonstrate healing mechanisms for achieving target wound tissue/cells; therefore, PDT can be used in wound treatment to target cells specifically through release on demand, target-specific delivery, and in vivo labelling imaging. In addition, we also highlighted that the future goal for researchers is the development of biocompatible and biodegradable nanomaterials for all the phases of wound healing.

No abstract available

[en] To date, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease for which the incidence rate is close to the mortality rate. The survival rate has evolved only 2-5% in 45 years, highlighting the failure of current therapies. Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT), based on the use of an adapted photosensitizer (PS) showed great promise for PDAC treatment. However, potent photosensitizers with efficient targeting potential to PDAC is not available for PDAC therapy. Considering the fact that PDACs are heavily relying on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for hormone and protein synthesis, the current project was focussed on to design and develop ER targeting photosensitisers. In this regard, an efficient synthesis route was developed for making bis-chromophoric dyes (compound 3 and 7) by orthogonically connecting BODIPY and naphthalene moieties (known to localize to ER). Interestingly, we have found the efficient intersystem crossing of compound 7 than compound 3. Further our extensive photochemical study showed that compound 7 efficiently forms transient triplet state and generates copious amount of singlet oxygen, which is one of the paramount features of photo-dynamic therapy (PDT). In biological system, compound 7 showed excellent photodynamic effects to cause robust killing of multiple pancreatic ductal carcinoma cells. Intriguingly, we observed rapid uptake and localization of compound 7 in endoplasmic reticulum of PDAC cells. Interestingly, live cell time series experiment with compound 7 showed simultaneous dual fluorescence of green in ER and red in lipid droplet respectively in temporal fashion, owing to its differential fluorescence properties in different polar medium. Mechanistically, compound 7 targets ER of the PDAC cells and causes ER stress, which ultimately leads to robust photosensitization of PDAC cells in the presence of visible light. Therefore, this BODIPY-based novel fluorescent probe have theragnostic application for Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma diagnosis and treatment. (author)

[en] Considering limited results of mechanical approaches in periodontology, different treatment modalities have been documented. Recently, a new technology, photodynamic therapy has been utilised as a local anti-infective technique based on the activation of a dye by a light source with specific wavelength. It is efficient in killing periodontopathic bacteria, whether or not they are resistant to antibiotics. Furthermore, there is no induction of bacterial resistance. Thus, photodynamic therapy overcomes the limits of antibiotics treatments. The treatment time is short, and the technique is easy to implement. First clinical results have demonstrated some improvements for usual clinical parameters, but further studies are necessary to confirm its beneficial effect. (authors)

[en] This study aimed to evaluate the method of fluorescence diagnostics using the developed video-fluorescent equipment with laser excitation of fluorescence and the assessment of the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy via the photobleaching of the chlorin e6. The boundaries of precancerous conditions and cervical neoplasms were established using video-fluorescent diagnostics and then clarified using spectral-fluorescent diagnostics. At a photosensitizer dose of 0.8–1.2 mg kg⁻¹, fluorescence images of the cervix contrasted well in the pathological tissue compared to the normal surrounding tissue. This made it possible to estimate the photosensitizer distribution in the entire measured area with a resolution of at least 1 mm. The parallel use of spectral-fluorescent diagnostics allows the identification of fluorescence typical for the photosensitizer fluorescence and evaluating its distribution in the studied tissues. The combined use of video- and spectral-fluorescent diagnostics for cervical neoplasms allows control of the process of photodynamic therapy at all stages of the procedure and, if it is necessary, a change of tactics. (letter)

[en] In Biomedical Photonic Technologies, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a methodical inquiry and evaluation of the latest developments in the field of biomedical photonics, with a focus on novel technologies, including optical microscopy, optical coherence tomography, fluorescence imaging-guided surgery, photodynamic therapy dosimetry, and optical theranostic technologies. Each discussion of individual technologies includes examples of their contemporary application in areas like cancer therapy and drug delivery. Readers will discover the major research advancements in biomedical photonics from the last 20 years, ascertaining the basic principles of formation, development, and derivation of biomedical photonics phenomena at a variety of scales. Readers will also find: - A thorough introduction to advanced wide-field fluorescent microscopy for biomedicine, - Comprehensive explorations of fluorescence resonance energy transfer and optical coherence tomography for structural and functional imaging, - Practical exploration of coherent Raman scattering microscopy and biomedical applications, as well as fluorescence image-guided surgery, - Complete analyses of enhanced photodynamic therapy, optogenetics, and optical theranostics employing gold nanoparticles. Perfect for biophysicists and applied physicists, Biomedical Photonic Technologies will also benefit bioengineers and biotechnologists in academia and in industry.

[en] In a recent publication [1], these images in Figures 6(b, c) (^NPEG-NP_Ce6 group), S7, S9 and S10 were inadvertently taken the incorrect images in the production. The corrected versions are shown below. And, the quantification of Ce6 fluorescence (as performed in Figure 6(c)) was also corrected (Figure S12).

[en] Highlights: • Various synthesis processes of carbon dots (CDs) have been detailed. • The structure and fluorescence properties of CDs have been summarized. • Biocompatibility of CDs has been investigated. • Several biomedical applications of CDs have been summarized. -- Abstract: Among the wide range of carbon family nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) one of the promising candidate which has attracted tremendous attention due to its unique advantages such as facile synthesis procedure, easy surface functionalization, outstanding water solubility, low toxicity and excellent photo-physical properties. Due to these unique advantages, CDs are extensively used in catalysis, electronics, sensing, power as well as in biological sectors. In this review we will discuss recent progress in synthesis, structure and fluorescence properties of CDs with special highlight on its biomedical applications, more precisely we will highlight on CDs, for drug/gene delivery, bioimaging and photothermal and photodynamic therapy applications. Furthermore, we discuss the current challenges and future perspective of CDs in the field of biomedical sector.

[en] Cancer therapy still faces great challenges in terms of effectiveness, toxicological aspects, and in relation to the triggering factors of resistance, that is, the evolutionary frame of the disease still requires numerous research that solves several problems pertinent to its treatment, thus enabling the improvement in the quality of life of bearers of benign or malignant tumors. For this reason, the development of drugs capable of combating this disease is always presented as a highly important alternative, since currently, available chemotherapeutic agents trigger a series of side effects and consequent resistance phenomena such as Multi Drug Resistance (MDR). In this context, ruthenium complexes emerge as new therapeutic proposals with a favorable toxicological aspect (less toxicity) when compared to other metallo pharmaceuticals with the same functionality. Therefore, this review article presents historical aspects of ruthenium complexes, the main studied examples that entered in clinical phase, their biological mechanisms (antitumor and antimetastatic actions), and perspectives. (author)