[en] An axial cyclone in the form of a spin generator with radial nozzles and a flow controller are installed directly in the overflow line between high and low pressure parts of a turbine. The water is centrifuged sideways via outlet slots into a water collecting chamber. The nozzles themselves are hollow and form the support for the flow controller. The extracted steam is taken via the nozzles to the flow controller and returned from this to the overflow line. (DG) 891 HP/DG 892 MB

[en] The arrangement of a water separation device in the draught of several evaporator and superheater heating surfaces of a steam raising unit ensures sufficient cooling of the evaporator and superheater heating surfaces on firing the boiler, and also ensures a sufficiently high live steam temperature on part-load. The novelty lies in taking an additional line from the upper half of the water reservoir in parallel with the steam outlet into the penultimate evaporation stage. The return feedwater flow and the level set by this in the reservoir is adjusted by an adjustable valve in the return line, leaving the lower part of the separation and storage vessel. The control of the adjustable valve takes place in a control circuit using the quantity of water fed into the boiler and the superheater as measurement and control parameters. (HP) 891 HP/HP 892 MB

[en] The heat transfer tubes of a steam generator with a horizontal tube plate are protected from corrosion and temperature fluctuations in the wall due to overheating, by liners directing the steam-water mixture to the tube plate wall prior to the withdrawal of the mixture from the steam generator jacket to the separation system. The horizontal tube plate wall is provided with a vent for the withdrawal of the mixture to the separation system, thus safeguarding deaeration and the removal of even a thin layer of steam along the horizontal tube plate wall. The liner system may be provided with water discharge holes placed in the bottom part of the system. (B.S.)

[en] A design is described of a steam generator having the heating surface formed by one or more vertical heat exchange elements which together with partial steam separators are aligned with the reactor axis. (J.K.)

[en] The described steam generator for nuclear power plants with light water cooled and moderated reactors increases operating safety with regard to tube corrosion, is highly variable and is easily assembled. Heat exchange tubes are inserted by one end to the inlet chamber and by the other end in the outlet chamber of the primary medium where in the space between the tubes steam is generated by extrusion or by natural circulation. The inside walls of the inlet and outlet chambers are formed by the pressure jacket of the steam generator and their outer walls by the torus jacket. In the centre of the pressure jacket of the steam generator is coaxially placed a pressure-free jacket which forms the flooding space of the natural circulation circuit. (M.D.)

[en] A built-in insert is designed for the centre tube of the separator of the steam generator pressure vessel which serves the trapping of entrained moisture and its diversion to the water area of the separator. The insert consists of at least two metal sheets with the upper edge arranged horizontally and the bottom edge forming a spout. The spout slants from the outer edge of the sheet to the inner edge where it runs into a down-comer submerged with its other end below the water surface in the separator. The spout is oriented in the counter-direction of the steam rotation. Damping of the steam rotation in the centre tube is used for the additional separation of water and steam. Water is diverted to the water area of the separator. Discontinuation of the steam rotation will reduce the danger of the separation of water and steam in the steam piping, which eliminates the formation of pulsations and inhomogeneity of the flow of the mixture in the steam piping. The down-comer improves the separation efficiency of the centre tube thereby increasing the overall efficiency of the separator. (J.B.)

No abstract available

[en] The system described is stated to be of particular use in nuclear powered steam generating plant. The steam-water mixture is passed through pipes having apertures through which the mixture passes to a scrubber assembly. The separated steam leaving the scrubber assembly is passed through a perforated baffle. The apertures in the pipes and the perforations in the baffle are such as to produce a uniform velocity distribution through the steam and water mixture across the scrubber assembly. The separation is preferably performed in a vessel that can be used as a start-up vessel for the steam power generating boiler with which it is associated. (UK)

[en] A steam generator separator is described consisting of two parts, i.e., axial and tangential. The tangential part is placed inside the axial part which, in turn, consists of an outer and an inner cylindrical jackets. The space between the two jackets forms a distribution chamber. Its top part joins up to the lattice of axial cylindrical vanes. Provided above them is a separation space with two collector chambers consisting of moulded sheets, bottom sheets and an annular lid closing the separation space. The collector chambers form tangential part inlet chambers with radial flat vanes and an outlet branch. The cylindrical jacket is common for both the axial and the tangential parts. The inlet ports of the steam-water mixture may be connected to the distribution chamber axially, radially or tangentially. (B.S.)

[en] Flow induced vibrations may produce damage of shell-tube type heat exchangers, condensers and steam generators tubes. These vibrations could be produce by changes in the equipment operational condition or by a wrong evaluation during the design procedure. The typical results are tube damage by impact or fretting wear. This paper include a review of the flow-induced vibration mechanisms that affect shell-tube heat exchangers and some practical examples that show the results obtained evaluating this equipment. (author)