[en] This manual is set to provide necessary basic guidance on theory and practical aspects of bioassay specially for the newcomer in this field and the man in the laboratory. The first part is a brief information on the entry of radionuclides into the body, the metabolism and the programs of bioassay. All other factors to be considered in assessing internal contamination in man have also been brought up. In the second part, various procedures of radiochemical separations, detection and measurements are abstracted from journals and other revisions. Some methods have been attempted and to be followed where appropriate. (author)

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] At AWE plc, workers potentially exposed to long-lived alpha emitters, such as plutonium, provide urine samples on a routine basis. Each sample is collected during working hours over a number of days. The activity concentrations in the samples are determined by radiochemical analysis. The creatinine in the samples and the ICRP reference daily excretion rate (1700 mg and 1000 mg for men and women respectively) are used to normalise the activity to a nominal twenty-four hour excretion for dose assessment purposes. This study examines the average and daily variation of creatinine excretion in healthy male and female adults. The advantages of taking samples over an extended period are assessed. There is a large variation in creatinine excretion between individuals and significant deviation from the ICRP recommended values. (author)

[en] CB 1954 (2,4-dinitro-5-aziridinyl benzamide) is a radiosensitizer which is up to 10 times more efficient in vitro than would be predicted on the basis of its electron affinity. In order to determine the contribution of the various functional groups comprising the molecule to overall sensitizing efficiency, nine structural analogues have been studied. Taken together, the data suggest that multiple mechanisms of radiosensitization may contribute to the abnormal radiosensitizing efficiency of CB 1954 and its analogues. This has implications for the further design and development of novel radiosensitizing drugs. (author)

[en] Rice consumption is a major dietary source of human exposure to arsenic (As), with As bioavailability being an important factor influencing its health risk. In this study, the As bioaccessibility was measured in 11 rice grains (140–335 μg As kg⁻¹), which were compared to As relative bioavailability previously measured based on a mouse bioassay (Li et al., 2017). Using modified physiologically-based extraction test for rice (MPBET), As bioaccessibility in raw rice samples (44–88% in the gastric phase and 47–102% in the intestinal phase) was similar to those in cooked rice (42–73% and 43–99%). Arsenic bioaccessibility in rice was generally higher in the intestinal phase than in the gastric phase, with Fe and Ca concentrations in rice being negatively correlated with As bioaccessibility in the gastric phase (R² = 0.47–0.49). In addition, for cooked rice, strong positive correlation was observed between bioaccessible As and inorganic As (R² = 0.63–0.72), suggesting inorganic As in rice was easier to dissolve than organic As in gastrointestinal digestive fluids. Due to limited variation in As bioaccessibility and As bioavailability among the 11 samples, a weak correlation was observed between them (R² = 0.01–0.03); however, As bioaccessibility values measured by the gastric phase (GP) of the MPBET agreed with As bioavailability values based on a mouse bioassay, suggesting the potential of the MPBET_GP to predict As bioavailability in rice. Future work is needed to ascertain the robustness of the MPBET_GP in predicting As bioavailability in rice using additional samples.

[en] 31 derivatives of 2-phenyl thiazolidine are submitted to radiopharmacological tests on mice. They usually present little toxicity and some of them show a rather interesting activity

[en] BIOTEST Service Center is a service center that offers microbiological testing to customers from outside as well as inside the Malaysian Nuclear Agency. Most of the test samples received were radiopharmaceutical products produced by hospitals and private companies. This paper aims to report on microbiological testing services that have been performed over a period of five years from January 2015 to December 2020. During this period, the three main customers who have sent their samples were the National Cancer Institute, BEACON Hospital and Curiumpharma. The most performed tests are the incubation of environmental monitoring samples, sterility testing and bacterial endotoxin testing. The BIOTEST Service Center has successfully maintained its performance of providing microbiological testing services to customers every year from 2015 to 2020. (author)

[en] A sensitive practical radioreceptor assay method for pharmaceutical insulin products has been developed with partially purified rat liver plasma membranes and the optimal conditions under which the best overall assay performance is obtainable have been defined. Intra- and inter-assay variations of the method averaged 7.3 and 12.2% of the man, respectively, when expressed as the coefficient of variation. Potency estimates of an insulin product obtained with the proposed method correlated well with those determined by the mouse convulsion bioassay method. Liver membranes prepared according to the method could be stored for up to ten weeks at 4⁰C and for 6 months or more at -18⁰C without losing insulin-binding ability. (author)

No abstract available