[en] The international symposium on convective heat transfer was held on 19-23 August 1996, in Cesme, Izmir, Turkey. The spesialists discussed forced convection, heat exchangers, free convection and multiphase media and phase change at the meeting. Almost 53 papers were presented in the meeting

[en] Short communication

[en] Short communication

[en] An analysis of a fully developed forced and free convective magnetohydrodynamic flow between two electrically conducting vertical plates has been carried out taking into account the external circuit and the thermal conductance ratio of the plates. Derived are approximate solutions to the nonlinear integro-differential equations governing the velocity, the temperature, the skin friction, and the Nusselt number. It is observed that an increase in the thermal conductance ratio leads to both an increase in velocity and temperature. 7 refs

[en] Short communication

[en] Short communication

[en] Natural convection of water contained in a vertical fracture or fault in which the temperature increases with depth is strongly influenced by the heat transport processes not only within the water itself but also by the heat transferred to and from the surrounding rock mass. The results of a linear stability analysis indicate that the critical Rayleigh number R* is time dependent. For spontaneous neutral stability, R* (t=0) approx. =10(h/a) ², where h and a are the fault height and aperture, respectively. Since h>>a, R* (0) is several orders of magnitude greater than the value 4π² that would pertain to the same situation without the influence of the surrounding rock masses, e.g., a porous bed with large horizontal dimensions. The resultant cell motion consists of rolls about axes parallel to the aperture. These rolls are of height h and closely spaced in the strike direction. Cases of spontaneous instabilities in fractures or faults are expected to be infrequent, but initially subcritical convection could be fostered by other means such as tectonic displacements at the fault. Because R* diminishes as time /sup -1/2/, eventually, this subcritical convection becomes unstable, and exponential growth ensues. As the heat of the surrounding rock is depleted and an isothermal state is approached, the convection eventually dampens until a period of thermal recovery allows its resumption

[en] The principle of function of different types of cooling towers (wet and dry cooling towers) is illustrated by a diagrammatic view. (ORU)

[en] Short communication

[en] The estimate of the overshooting made here is based on the familiar concept of a convective element, which is suggested by the mixing-length formalism. The overshooting is discussed in terms of a rising convective element which reaches the formal boundary of the core, and continues to rise until buoyant deceleration stops it. Included in the calculation is the energy flux (which is negative) carried by the convective element. The importance of including this cooling by convective elements has been demonstrated by Shaviv and Salpeter (1973). To simplify the calculation I shall consider only a 'typical' element which crosses the boundary with zero temperature excess. This description suggests that overshooting is not an episodic phenomenon due to occasionally energetic elements, but is rather a feature of the steady pattern of convection. In addition the extent of the motions will be increased by their ability to cool the medium, since this will steepen the temperature gradient (bringing it nearer to the adiabatic), thus reducing the decelerating effects. (author)