[en] Present article is devoted to flowsheet of processing of carbon-graphite waste. On the base of conducted researches the two stage method of processing of carbon-graphite wastes with pure graphite output has been elaborated. The flowsheet of processing of carbon-graphite waste has been elaborated and proposed.

[en] High-temperature solid electrolyte electrochemical cells permit a direct measurement of the oxygen activity on catalytic metal surfaces or in catalytic melts during a reaction. This technique was used to study the SO₂ oxidation on Pt and in V₂O₅ based melts. An electrochemical cell of the type air, Pt[ZrO₂(+Y₂O₃)]Pt, air-SO₂-SO₃ was used to study the SO₂ oxidation on Pt at temperatures above 400⁰C and at 1 atm total pressure. By measuring the open-circuit emf of the cell, the oxygen activity on the catalyst was monitored, while the products of the reaction were being simultaneously analyzed by means of a sampling system and a mass spectrometer. It was found that the oxygen activity on the catalyst surface a/sub O₂(Pt)/ is much lower than p/sub O₂/ and that the product p/sub SO₂/ . a/sub O₂(Pt)//sup ¹/₂/ is a function of T only over wide ranges of temperature and gas phase composition. A mechanism to explain this observation as well as the kinetic data is proposed. Similar experiments were carried out with Ag and Au electrodes. On Ag the oxygen activity was much lower than on Pt and on the basis of the proposed mechanism this explains why Ag is not a catalyst for this reaction. On Au, however, the oxygen activity was not much lower than on Pt and based on the emf data it was predicted that Au must possess weak catalytic properties which was verified from the kinetic data. The rate of the forward reaction on Au is first order with respect to SO₂. By means of an electrochemical cell of the type air, Au[ZrO₂(Y₂O₃)]Au, melt the oxygen activity was measured in V₂O₅-K₂SO₄ and V₂O₅-K₂S₂O₇ melts during the SO₂ oxidation. Similar experiments were carried out with Pt electrodes and the emf data were the same within the experimental error. However, when Ag electrodes were used, significantly lower oxygen activities were measured due probably to Ag being attacked by the melts

[en] The main development trends in Russia concerning fuel cells and electrolyzers operating with alkaline, polymer and oxide electrolytes, are presented. The various types of electrocatalysts, electrodes, fuel cells, power plants and electrolyzers are considered and discussed. The perspectives of using fuel cells and electrolyzers in power systems are analyzed. 8 figs., 2 tabs., 28 refs

[en] The plan of breakdowns elimination is presented. The possible breakdowns and their elimination were studied.

[en] The arrangement of electrolytic cells service including general provisions were studied.

[en] The experiment confirmed that polarography is desirable for the determination of oxidation state of samarium with reliable results. The amount of SmI₃ involved in SmI₂ can be directly determined, and purity of SmI₂ obtained simultaneously. The lowest concentration of Sm(III) ion detected is 2 x 10^-4 M. The wave height of Sm(II) ion gives a linear response in the range of 2 x 10^-4 to 1 x 10^-3 M. Samarium diiodide is easily oxidized by oxygen as well as the trace quantity of water contained in organic solvents. Therefore anhydrous and oxygen-free THF can be used as a solvent and NaB(C₆H₅)₄ as a supporting electrolyte

[en] Cyclic voltammetric studies on the reduction of Eu(III) in various support electrolytes at HMDE have indicated that the reduction is irreversible. Hetrogeneous rate constants of the electron transfer process occuring in different media have been evaluated. (author)

[en] The design documentation regarding all technological processes of electrolysis was considered.

[en] The device includes an open case that can be adapted to the surface to be treated to make a leakproof box. Inside facing the surface is placed an electrode, pipes for electrolyte circulation and electrical connections are provided

[en] The electrolytic cells service by complex anode crane was considered. The complex anode crane was described as well its operational functions.