[en] Nine early maturing soybean mutant lines were tested for yield at Oitayam, Bogor. Results indicated that the lines No. 20 B/PsJ, and 147/PsJ were having yield potential comparable to control (Orba variety) and 3-5 days earlier in maturity. (author). 8 refs.; 3 tabs

[en] Soybean cultivars Epps (MG-V) and Williams 82 (MG-111) were planted on four dates from May to August at one month interval at Malakhandher Farm, Agricultural University Peshawar. The two yields were regressed on date of sowing to quantify the effect of date of sowing on soybean cultivars. A steady decrease in yield was observed as sowing was delayed from May 1st onward. The yield in Epps decreased at the rate of 58.6 kgha/sup -1/ day/sup -1/ from May to August and of Williams 82 decreased at the rate of 163.6 kgha/sup -1/ day/sup -1/delay in sowing. On the average Epps produced 4227 kgha/sup -1/ total dry matter yield, where as Williams 82 produced 3451 kgha/sup -1/ respectively. Both cultivars gave maximum biological and seed yields in early planting than delay planting. It can be concluded that the two soybean cultivars can be planted during May to avoid drastic reduction in yields under Peshawar valley conditions. (author)

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No abstract available

[en] The aim of the research was to determine deposition of zinc on soybean plants sprayed in three development phases: 2, 4 and 6 specific leaves. The spraying involved the following parameters: speed was 0.86 m s⁻¹, pressure: 0.20 and 0.28 MPa, standard nozzles: flat fan XR 110-02 and double flat fan DF 120-02. Soybean plants of Pollux variety were sprayed, with foliar fertilizer Mikrovit Zinc 112 and the preparation containing zinc nanoparticles. The dose of both preparations amounted 160 g Zn ha⁻¹. After spraying, the plants were cut, dried, and mineralized. Zinc content in the samples was measured with atomic absorption spectrometer. The highest values of zinc deposition soybean plants were recorded DF 120-02 nozzle, regardless the spraying parameters, as well as soy development phase. The use of nanozinc and DF 120-02 nozzle in 4 leaves development phase caused higher values of zinc deposition 12.5% (0.20 MPa) and 15% (0.28 MPa), while in 6 leaves phase, the mentioned values increased by 13% (0.20 MPa) and 3.6% (0.28 MPa), as compared to the ones obtained for the foliar fertilizer. The highest values of nanozinc deposition using DF 120-02 nozzles were recorded at 0.20 MPa pressure: 179.1 mg kg⁻¹ (2 leaves phase) and 178.0 mg kg⁻¹ (6 leaves phase), as well as at 0.28 MPa pressure: 127.7 mg kg⁻¹(4 leaves phase). In comparison with flat fan nozzle XR 110-02, the use of double flat fan nozzle DF 120-02 increased zinc deposition by 151, 110, and 90%, respectively. Statistical analysis of the test results showed a significant effect of the type of nozzle used for spraying on the value of zinc deposition on soybean plants.

[en] Gasoy 17, Chiang Mai 60 and BSR 101 were chosen among 14 soybean cultivars for mutation induction experiment and in vitro selection for soybean lines tolerant to aluminum and trace element deficiencies. Young pods from all 3 cultivars were irradiated with gamma-rays at different doses and immature cotyledons were cultured in an induction medium. Somatic embryogenesis was markedly enhanced by irradiation with 1-5 Gy in Chiang Mai 60 and BSR 101 and with 1-3 Gy in Gasoy 17. The somatic embryos were multiplied by culturing in liquid medium (pH 5.8) for 5 weeks. The somatic embryos of Gasoy 17 and Chiang Mai 60 were cultured for tolerance to aluminum in media containing different al levels (5.6 11.2 and 16.8 ppm). Al toxicity resulted in a low percentage of fresh weight of the somatic embryos. Somatic embryos selected at different Al's were cultured in a regeneration medium but no plantlet has emerged so far. Selection for tolerance to trace element deficiencies was done by culturing somatic embryos of BSR 101 in high pH medium (pH 6-8). Under high pH the availability of iron in the medium was noticeably decreased through precipitation of Fe-compounds. Somatic embryos selected at different pH were cultured in the regeneration medium and 8 regenerated plants were grown to maturity for further investigation on tolerance to trace element deficiencies in their progenies

[en] Four promising mutant lines from induced mutation of soybean variety ORBA : 68/PsJ, 69/PsJ, 227/Bd, and 104/Bd, were planted with 6 different plant densities at Citayam experimental station. The plant densities were: 10 x 20 cm; 15 x 20 cm; 20 x 20 cm; 10 x 40 cm; 15 x 40 cm; 20 x 40 cm. This experiment was carried out during the dry season 1985 using a factorial design in 4 replications and with plot size of 1 x 2 m2. The results showed that yield per plant decreased as the plan density increased, but the yield per plot of ORBA or its mutant lines on a certain plant density might increase up to 100% as compared to the control plot with 20 x 40 cm plant density. Mean while, another experiment with a similar design was carried out to see the posible increase of mutant lines productions when use in a multiple cropping system. For this purpose, the plants were planted under a shelter (+50% reduction of light intensity). There were 6 shelter treatments : without shelter, sheltered at the planting time sheltered 7 days after planting (DAP), 21 DAP, 35 DAP, and 49 DAP. Although the yield per plant reduced in line with duration of sheltering, sacrificing yield for certain duration of sheltering of a definite mutant line was not significantly difference. (author). 3 refs.; 4 figs.; 7 tabs

[en] The absorption and translocation of strontium-90 by soybean plant, Glycine max, was studied by applying strontium-90 solution on the foliage or on the soil surface right after the first flowering time under greenhouse conditions. The results are summarized as follows. In the foliar application of strontium-90, only a small portion of the radioactivity was translocated to other parts of the plant and most of it remained in the applied leaves, which should cause soil contamination after falling. In the soil surface apolication of strontium-90, much of the radioactivity was absorbed through the root and translocated to stems and leaves by different patterns depending on the growth stage. (Author)

[en] Nonfluorescent root mutants in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are useful as markers in genetic studies and in tissue culture research. Our objective was to obtain mutagen-induced nonfluorescent root mutants and to conduct genetic studies with them. Thirteen nonfluorescent mutants were detected among 154016 seedlings derived from soybean lines treated with six mutagens. One of these mutants, derived from Williams treated with 20 kR gamma rays, did not correspond to any of the known (standard) nonfluorescent spontaneous mutants. This is the first mutagen-induced nonfluorescent root mutant in soybean. It was assigned Genetic Type Collection no. T285 and the gene symbol fr5 fr5. The fr5 allele was not located on trisomics A, B, or C and was not linked to five chlorophyll-deficient mutants (y9, y11, y12, y13, and y20-k2) or flower color mutant w1. The remaining nonfluorescent root mutants were at the same loci as known spontaneous mutants; i.e., four had the fr1 allele, five had the fr2 allele, and three had the fr4 allele

[en] The effect of ultraviolet irradiation and temperature on the qualitative and quantitative composition of some physiological groups of microorganisms from soybean (Glycine hispida Max.) rhizosphere has been studied. It was established that the total amount of the plant's microflora significantly changed under the influence of these factors. This effect was reflected on quantitative variations of particular taxonomic groups of microorganisms. (author)