No abstract available

[en] It is shown, that there is critical value of Dange potential (φ_D⁰) where comprehensive quasistagnant region occurs in magnetosphere boundary layer, under combined action of Dange (φ_D) and Exford-Heins (φ_E) convection. Convection under φ_D<φ_D⁰ in this layer occurs in antisolar direction, under φ_D>φ_D⁰ - is directed to the Sun

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Complete text of publication follows. Space-based geomagnetic observations are usually made on board low altitude near polar orbiting satellites. These satellites sweep all longitude sectors and provide quasi regular and homogenous global scale dataset. Especially, for the study of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) features including its longitude dependence, only satellite magnetic measurements are capable of providing such global coverage. However, the orbit along-track methods of extracting the EEJ signature from satellite observations do not allow an accurate estimate of its peak current density in certain longitude sectors. By comparing ground-based and satellite observations, we show that satellite orbit along-track methods fit well the latitude profiles of the EEJ magnetic effect when the satellite paths are perpendicular to the dip-equator, as in most part of the longitude sectors of Asia and Africa. Otherwise, the EEJ latitude profiles are biased, which leads to poor estimate of the EEJ features (magnetic signature, peak-current density, position of the EEJ center, etc.), as in the Atlantic Ocean and most of South American sectors, where the dip-equator is strongly tilted from the East-West direction.

[en] Results are presented of test calculations by means of the method of diagnostics of the integral parameters of an electric equivalent RL network of the polar magnetosphere. Results are agreed with the circuit where the primary generator-dynamo is a voltage source, having ordinary (linear) contact with a magnetospherical-ionospherical loading. 10 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs

[en] Short note

[en] During the International Magnetospheric Study period our understanding of phenomena in the polar ionosphere and the role of this region in the coupling between the ionopshere and the magnetosphere has progressed to a point where many self-consistent pictures are emerging. In many cases the required relationships between electric currents, conductivity, and electric field can be demonstrated, and observed phenomena can be explained in terms of realistic variations in these parameters. The distribution and composition of plasma can be reconciled with realistic patterns of large-scale plasma motion and ion production regions. The extent of our understanding is reviewed here. There are, however, gaps in our understanding of the electrodynamic and the plasma properties of the polar ionosphere. But the gaps show promise of being filled by our ability to properly formulate the problems and to provide the necessary measurements from present and future spacecraft missions

[en] Main problems of theoretical simulation of polar ionosphere in the region of open lines of the Earth magnetosphere are determined in terms of the latest theoretic and experimental data. It is underlined that the majority of problems indicated is not finally solved, but even now it is necessary to take into account the problems mentioned in the most correct way

[en] We report on a new phenomenon of 'alignment' of supergranulation cells in the polar regions of the Sun. Recent high-resolution data sets obtained by the Solar Optical Telescope on board the Hinode satellite enabled us to investigate supergranular structures in high-latitude regions of the Sun. We have carried out a local helioseismology time-distance analysis of the data and detected acoustic travel-time variations due to the supergranular flows. The supergranulation cells in both the north and south polar regions show systematic alignment patterns in the north-south direction. The south-pole data sets obtained in a month-long Hinode campaign indicate that the supergranulation alignment property may be quite common in the polar regions. We also discuss the latitudinal dependence of the supergranulation cell sizes; the data show that the east-west cell size decreases toward higher latitudes.