[en] A mechanical device of particularly simple design which can be easily installed in the vacuum chamber of X-ray spectrometers focused by the curved crystal technique, is proposed. The device rotates the crystal and the whole measuring apparatus and avoids the problems of creating vacuum encountered for more complicated mechanisms

[en] Highlights: • The 2D translation method for growth of KDP crystal was proposed. • KDP crystals with various motion velocities and orientation configurations were grown. • The hardness value of applied load with 25 g is improved about 6–13%. • Low dielectric loss and less dislocation density show that the crystals have fewer defects. • Thermal stability and laser damage threshold analysis were carried out.

[en] A moving crystal neutron monochromator design and operation are presented. Experimental data illustrating the monochromator resolution and luminosity are also presented. It is shown that this monochromator allows a space separation of different order reflected neutrons. (author)

[en] Consideration is given to orientation modulation (om) of energy of weak nuclear quadrupole interaction by adiabatic crystal rotation around fixed axis at steady external static magnetic field. The main theoretical results were supported by experiments

[en] Columnar DLCs have attracted great attention for their anisotropic charge carrier mobilities and photoconductivities along the columnar axis. In order to develop new molecular devices employing the anisotropic properties, the uniaxial alignment of columnar domains of DLCs over a bulk scale is crucial. The uniaxial alignment of columnar discotic liquid crystals, cobalt octa(n-alkylthio)-porphyrazine (CoSn, n is substituted alkyl chain length), using a rotating magnetic field has been investigated by SANS measurements. The magnetic alignment of CoSn (n=10, 12, 14) under a static magnetic field was measured by SANS. The results show that when the samples are cooled from isotropic phase to columnar liquid crystal phase under 1.OT, the columns of CoSn align their directors perpendicular to the applied magnetic field. In the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. however, the directors point random directions. The alignment is induced by both of the diamagnetic interaction of aromatic core and the paramagnetic interaction of central cobalt with the applied magnetic field. The saturation magnetic field for alignment is higher for the longer alkyl chain length, which may be caused by the increased entropy with chain length. To uniaxially align the columns of CoSn (n=10, 12) in a bulk scale, the samples were rotated at various speed (2, 5, 50, 125, 250rpm) under a static magnetic field 1.OT. SANS measurements clearly showed that the columns of CoSn uniaxially aligned parallel to the axis of sample rotation. Among the various rotation speed used, the order parameter S which defines the degree of uniaxial alignment was peaked at 5 rpm (S=0.552 at 2 rpm, 0.697 at 5 rpm, 0.596 at 50 rpm, 0.590 at 125 rpm, 0.540 at 250 rpm). To achieve the uniaxial alignment the rotation speed should be higher than the inverse of reorientational relaxation time of the columns under an applied magnetic field. Therefore, at low rotation speed the order parameter was increased as increasing the rotation speed. However at high rotation speed above 50 rpm due to the disturbance induced by centrifugal forces the order parameter slightly decreased as increasing the rotation speed

[en] Results of measurements on α-glycine using a multiple pulse method for high resolution proton magnetic resonance in solids are reported. Spectra were recorded in dependence on the orientation of the crystal in the magnetic field, rotating the crystal about three orthogonal axes. The parameters of chemical shift tensors of CH₂ protons experimentally gained in α-glycine are compared with the known results of malonic acid single crystal measurements. It is pointed out that the anisotropy of N-CH₂ protons can be considerably larger than the values from C-CH₂ protons known up to date. The relative shift of the isotropic values of CH₂ and NH₃ protons in solids exceeds very much the values known from those in liquids

[en] X-ray structural study of VAS-393 crystals was performed. Investigations were carried out with the use of the Weissenberg rotating and powder (employing the Bjornstrem diagrams) methods. The lattice constants ''c'' and ''a''are calculated. The crystal is shown to belong to the trigonal syngony (medium category)

[en] With the aid of a high-voltage electron diffraction camera the authors have obtained diffraction patterns with continuous rotation of bladed single crystals about axes lying either in the plane of the basis or outside it. Especial interest attaches to rotation electron diffraction patterns about the normals inclined to the primary electron beam, which are similar to electron diffraction patterns from bladed textures, but possess higher quality and greater information content

No abstract available

[en] A multichannel X-ray diffractometer is described, comprising a position-sensitive detector (xenon-filled proportional chamber, number of channels: 64 X 64, channel size: 2 X 2 mm), an Arndt-Wonacott oscillation camera, a digital processor for determining photon coordinates, and a number of computers for accumulation and processing of diffraction data and for control of the detector. The design allows the detector to be moved in the direction of the primary beam and at right angles to it. For a protein with a lattice constant of approximately 60 A, the detector may simultaneously record only 1/16 of the 2.5 A diffraction pattern and has to be moved to record the full data. The diffractometer including this detector was constructed mainly to perfect the whole system of data collection, elaborate a set of programs and evaluate the accuracy. However it can be used to investigate medium-sized proteins with lattice constants of approximately 60 A, with a resolution of 4.5 to 5 A and a two- or three-fold gain in time over a standard diffractometer. Data are collected by the rotation method. One diffraction pattern corresponds to a crystal rotation of 0.5 to 1⁰. A series of successive patterns is recorded on disk. The squares of the structure factors are computed after the series is completed. The R value (reproducibility of the results) is 4-7%. (Auth.)