[en] The current stage of the use of radiation technique for chemical syntheses on a technical scale is reviewed. In the first part radiation-induced syntheses of low-molecular compounds are described such as syntheses by sulphurization, halogenation, oxydation and other reactions. In the second part radiopolymerization and radiation-induced modifications of high polymers are discussed in detail. The third part deals with synthesizing by means of radiolytic decomposition of polymers. In most cases notes about radiation sources (⁶⁰Co, ¹³⁷Cs, electron accelerators), G-values, reaction yields, radiation doses, costs, and trends of application are made. 283 references are included