[en] Macroscopic properties and characteristics of nuclear systems are investigated. A special attention is paid to a problem of macroscopic system stability. A problem of change in energy of the ordinary Fermi system for small arbitrary deformations of its surface shape from a spherical one has been considered. Thermal radiation of very excited nuclei has been studied. Formulae for a mean radiation width of resonant levels of compound nucleus and for its mean quadrautic fluctuation from a level to a level are presented. Temperatures of concrete nuclei have been determined. Effects appearing on fast rotation of nonspherical nuclei are discussed. Position of rotational levels and intensity of quadrupole transitions between them are analyzed. Thermodynamic characteristics of heated spherical nuclei are calculated. Principles of a macroscopic approach are applied to the investigations into the processes of relativistic nucleus collision