[en] We present the dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) findings of atypical pulmonary hamartoma with a rare histologic pattern in a 20-year-old male. CT showed a 3.4 cm lobulated mass with a 'tip of the iceberg' appearance in the medium bronchus of the right lower lobe. Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated a heterogeneously and persistently enhancing mass. The CT Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements were: 17 HU pre-contrast, 32 HU at 1 minute, 44 HU at 2 minutes, 51 HU at 4 minutes, and 64 HU at 15 minutes. Pathologic examination after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery disclosed a pulmonary hamartoma with a predominant fibroblastic component

[en] Tip positioning of a wire-driven catheter tube is a great challenge during surgeries and it is a significant problem. In order to successfully position the tip to the desired location, a reliable simulation has to be developed. With simulation, determining the required tension force to accurately position the tip of the tube is possible. We examined the general structure of a wire-driven catheter tube. The equations for analyzing the nonlinear large deformation of the tube were derived based on the Euler-Bernoulli law. The Matlab simulation of the deflected catheter tube was developed according to the derived equations. An experiment capturing the actual shape of deflected catheter under various pull wire tensions of up to about 11 N involved measuring the displacement of the pre-selected five points along the catheter tube. The location of the points was compared to the location of the corresponding points of the simulation results. Both shapes resulted in similar curve shapes with maximum error around 3 mm, which corresponds to 1 % error. Thus, the simulation reliability was verified.

[en] Recently, many attempts have been made to use injectable materials in the subcutaneous fat layer anywhere in the body, including the breast and face, for cosmetic purposes. A 56-year-old woman presented with multiple palpable lumps without tenderness or skin color changes on the anterior and lateral chest and the abdominal walls. Magnetic resonance imaging showed fluid-like collections without surrounding soft tissue inflammatory changes in the chest wall, abdominal wall, and deeper within the abdomen. The lesions penetrated the peritoneum and were observed adjacent to the liver dome. Ultrasonography also showed hypoechogenicity suggestive of fluid collection in the left axilla and trunk. The differential diagnosis based on radiologic findings included parasite manifestation, non-specific inflammatory conditions, and chronic granulomatous infections such as tuberculosis or non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. However, these conditions are usually accompanied by changes in the adjacent subcutaneous fat layers, but our patient did not show any other abnormalities in the adjacent soft tissue. After biopsy and aspiration analysis, the patient was found to have a history of filler injection for breast augmentation approximately 17 years prior. It is often difficult to make a differential diagnosis without detailed knowledge of the patient's medical history. Here we describe a rare case of distant migration of the filler to the axilla, chest wall, abdominal wall, and peritoneum following breast augmentation with filler injection. Knowledge of the radiologic characteristics and migration patterns of gel fillers and their related complications is useful for making an accurate diagnosis.