No abstract available

[en] The article describes infrastructure used for controlling radioactive air pollution in Poland. The localization of ASS-500 stations for aerosol analysis is shown. Technical details concerning ASS-500 station are presented. The article shows results of the measurements in 1994. The average concentrations were (in μBq/m³): ⁷Be 2520, ²¹⁰Pb 360, ⁴⁰K 29.5, ²²⁶Ra 26.3, ²²⁸Ra 4.3, ¹³⁷Cs 2,8, ¹³⁷Cs 0.5. Changes of radionuclide concentrations in the air between 1992 and 1994 are discussed. Authors conclude that the network of ASS-500 stations allows monitoring radioactive pollution of ground level air

No abstract available

[en] The content of natural and artificial radioisotopes in environment in Poland before and after Chernobyl accident was analyzed. The methods used in radiation monitoring in Poland and results of these measurements in the period 1986-1996 were presented. Since the Chernobyl accident changes of contamination of soils, southern Baltic sea water, other surface waters, deposits in Baltic sea, rivers and lakes in Poland were observed. Also concentration of radioisotopes in foodstuffs: mushrooms, fruits, meat, milk, eggs was described

No abstract available

[en] Recently, a new optical phenomenon was observed in sodium chloride (NaCl). Performing series of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) readouts it was found that subsequent OSL decay, after some delay, starts from significantly higher intensity level than the final intensity of the previous readout. This unusual behavior was called the ‘regeneration effect’ (Biernacka and Mandowski, 2013). Regeneration occurs in spite of the significant fading of OSL – well known in this material. Nevertheless, these two contradictory processes take place in two different time scales. Previously, it was proved also, that the regeneration phenomenon cannot be explained on the basis of the classical simple trap model (STM). This paper analyses optimal measurement conditions leading to the highest regeneration effect. It was found that the increase of OSL intensity could be as high as 190%. A simple phenomenological model explaining the mechanism of regeneration is proposed. The model involves simultaneous localized and delocalized (i.e. band-like) transitions. Characteristic lifetimes of regeneration and fading processes are of the order of 560 s and 22000 s, respectively. - Highlights: • Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of sodium chloride (NaCl) was studied. • The measurements were performed using the variable delay OSL method (VD-OSL). • It was found that the increase of OSL intensity in NaCl could be as high as 190%. • A simple phenomenological model for regeneration and fading is proposed. • The model predicts peak shaped character of OSL traps population

[en] The report describes the network of aerosol sampling stations type ASS-500. Results of monitoring ground-level air in Poland in 1997 are published. The changes of radionuclide concentrations in 1992-1997 are summarized. Effective doses absorbed by humans are assessed. Authors conclude that exposure of Polish population for air radioactive contamination did not change between 1992 and 1997

No abstract available

[en] In the paper the regulations limiting the natural radioactive nuclides concentrations in raw an building materials to be used in dwellings are presented. The recommended methods of investigation, apparatus and the results of the qualification measurements of various raw and building materials are described. The unique method of measurements of radon and thorium emanation rare from wall materials developed in Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection is presented. The results of the emanation rates for various types of material and different cover finishing of walls are also given. (author). 12 refs, 12 tabs, 9 figs

[en] The method of continuous monitoring of artificial radionuclides in the ground-level atmosphere, used for early warning system in care of nuclear emergencies, is presented. The system consist of the scintillation spectrometer AS-01 mounted in the ASS-500 station cabinet. The results of calibrations and operational tests are given. For continuous operation mode the lower activity concentration limit is 0.44 Bq/m³ for ¹³¹I and 0.79 Bq/m³ for ¹³⁷Cs. The activity concentration in the air of 10 Bq/m³ for artificial radionuclides is used as the alarm threshold value. The ASS-500 station equipped with AS-01 spectrometer allows obtaining of the immediate information on the presence of artificial radionuclides in the air. The sampling process is not disturbed by AS-01 spectrometer. Therefore, the determination of the activity concentration in the air on the level of few μBq/m³ by means of HPGe spectrometers is possible (author)