No abstract available

[en] The frequent failures of steam generators of unit 3 of the nuclear power plant at Jaslovske Bohunice are among the major failures which have so far appeared in Czechoslovak nuclear power plants. The disturbance of the integrity of the cylindrical section of the collector on one of the steam generators owing to corrosin cracking has required the blinding of more than 50 heat exchange tubes. It has become evident that steam generators will become the weakest link in the primary circuit and that initial estimates of service life (30 to 40 years) were highly optimistic. On both units of the V-1 nuclear power plant at Jaslovske Bohunice pulsations of the reactor neutron output have appeared within a range of 2% of the rated power. The cause of these power alterations is the non-periodical change in the hydraulic resistance of the lower part of the reactor. Modifications of the hydraulics of the primary circuit did not bring any improvement. The problem of pulsations remains unresolved. Failures of 400 kV electrical bushings on the 250 MVA transformer caused the shutdown of unit 1 of the Dukovany power plant and of unit 3 of the Jaslovske Bohunice plant. The transformers had to be replaced at great loss in power output, namely a loss of around 100 GWh. (Z.M.). 1 tab

[en] European Commission Directive No. 2013/59 / EURATOM laying down basic safety requirements for the provision of radiation protection regulates the provision of radiation protection for workers with radiation sources and residents in all areas of use of ionizing radiation sources. This Directive also addresses radiation protection in the use of ionizing radiation sources in medicine. The European Commission Directive regulates the requirements for radiation protection but also extends to its scope and provisions on the use of medical radiation sources (so-called ^medical exposure⁾ in the scope of further legislation in the field of health care, which has to be amended and modified or possibly issued new. It was necessary in the preparation of the new act on radiation protection to amend simultaneously Act no. 576/2004 on the provision of health care and services related to provision of health care and Act no. 578/2004 on Health care Providers, Health care Professionals and Organizations in Health Care and to prepare a series of implementing regulations not only to the Law on Radiation Protection but also to the Laws governing the Provision of Health Care. The paper will present changes to existing legislation on radiation protection in medical radiation and new requirements for the construction and operation of health workplaces with radiation sources, the protection of the health of patients, the requirements for instrumentation used for medical radiation and radiological instrumentation tests. (authors)

[en] European Commission Directive No. 2013/59 / EURATOM laying down basic safety requirements for the provision of radiation protection regulates the provision of radiation protection for workers with radiation sources and residents in all areas of use of ionizing radiation sources. This Directive also addresses radiation protection in the use of ionizing radiation sources in medicine. The European Commission Directive regulates the requirements for radiation protection but also extends to its scope and provisions on the use of medical radiation sources (so-called ^medical exposure⁾ in the scope of further legislation in the field of health care, which has to be amended and modified or possibly issued new. It was necessary in the preparation of the new act on radiation protection to amend simultaneously Act no. 576/2004 on the provision of health care and services related to provision of health care and Act no. 578/2004 on Health care Providers, Health care Professionals and Organizations in Health Care and to prepare a series of implementing regulations not only to the Law on Radiation Protection but also to the Laws governing the Provision of Health Care. The paper presents changes to existing legislation on radiation protection in medical radiation and new requirements for the construction and operation of health workplaces with radiation sources, the protection of the health of patients, the requirements for instrumentation used for medical radiation and radiological instrumentation tests. (authors)

[en] Twenty-three patients with Hodgkin's disease and malignant testicular tumours had repeat bipedal lymphography 13-73 months following radiotherapy. Cobalt-60 teletherapy was administered either with prophylactic or therapeutic intent by two opposed fields, which encompassed the whole infra-diaphragmatic (inguinofemoral, pelvic and para-aortic) lymph region. Most patients received also radiotherapy to the whole mediastinal lymph region. The lowest tumour dose was of 3000 rads (30 Gy), the highest of 4500 rads (45 Gy) to the infra-diaphragmatic region, with a total weekly dose of 900-1000 rads (9-10 Gy) given in five fractions. Number, calibre and valves of lymphatic vessels, transport capacity, collateral pathways; the filling and width of the thoracic duct, the number, size, shape and storage character of lymph nodes were compared on the first and repeat lymphography films. The number of lymphatic vessels was hardly influenced by radiotherapy, and calibre narrowing was seen in more than half of the patients. The size of lymph nodes was drastically decreased, especially in those who received a tumour dose over 3000 rads (30 Gy). Since new collateral pathways could not be found, it seems obvious that radiotherapy between these dose ranges does not reduce the transport capacity of lymphatic vessels. (author)

[en] Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava The exposure of the population to ionizing radiation is rising rapidly, nearly exclusively due to increasing medical use of radiation, including diagnostic methods of nuclear medicine. In 2012 Public health authority of the Slovak republic (PHA SR) performed a survey about the population exposure from nuclear medicine procedures. The primary objectives of this survey were to assess the frequency of different nuclear medicine procedures, determine the average activities administered by nuclear medicine procedures and compare them with the national diagnostic reference levels and determine the annual collective effective dose to the Slovak population from nuclear medicine. The effective dose calculation was based on the methodology of the ICRP32, ICRP80 and ICRP106. In Slovak republic are 11 nuclear medicine departments. The collected data of activities administered by different procedures correspond to 100 % of nuclear medicine departments. The total number of procedures included in the study was 36 250. The most commonly performed procedure was bone scintigraphy (35.9%), followed by lung perfusion and ventilation scintigraphy (17.0%), static and dynamic renal scintigraphy (13.0%), whole-body positron emission tomography of tumors with PET radiopharmaceuticals (11.6%), myocardial perfusion (8.8%), thyroid scintigraphy (6.2%), parathyroid scintigraphy (2.1%), scintigraphy of tumors (2.1%), scintigraphy of the liver and spleen (0.8%), brain perfusion (0.7%) and examination of the gastrointestinal system (0.3%). (authors)

[en] Whereas the Slovak legislation in force about the .radiation protection is not completely in accordance with European legislation and whereas the detailed medical exposure requirements are not included in this legislation, a new legislation on radiation protection has been prepared. The health protection of persons against dangerous effects of ionizing radiation in relation to the use of radiation sources in medicine include following relations: - Regulation of Slovak Government on the basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionizing radiation, - Regulation of Slovak Government health protection on individuals against the dangers of ionizing radiation in relation to medical exposure. The Regulation of Slovak Government on health protection on individuals against the dangers of the ionizing radiation in relation to medical exposure is planned to be in force from the January 1, 2006. (author)

[en] In this paper results of the study of occupational radiation exposure in the Slovak Republic for the period 2000 - 2007 are presented

[en] Retrograde angiography of the gonadal vein was carried out in 110 cases. Because of valve-insufficience the left vena spermatica interna filled spontaneously from the vena renalis in the majority (88%) of the cases. In the cases of well functioning valves superselective angiography was carried out. The examination is advised in cases of the following syndromes: varicokele, abdominal tumours, determination of the place of non-palpable testes, Klinefelter syndrome. (L.E.)

[en] The State Office for Nuclear Safety is the Czech regulatory authority responsible for supervision over the safety of nuclear facilities, over radioactive waste management and spent fuel management, over nuclear materials including accountancy and control, and over ionizing radiation protection. The State Office also coordinates the Radiation Monitoring Network of the Czech Republic and the international exchange of radiological data, and supervises more than 5000 workplaces where ionizing radiation sources are handled. In 1996 the State Office accomplished 47 inspections of nuclear materials, out of these 39 were performed in cooperation with inspectors of the IAEA. Other activities (emergency preparedness, legislative activities, international cooperation and public information) are also mentioned. (M.D.)