[en] The field of hard diffraction, which studies events with a rapidity gap and a hard scattering, has expanded dramatically recently. A review of new results from CDF, D OE, H1 and ZEUS will be given. These results include diffractive jet production, deep-inelastic scattering in large rapidity gap events, rapidity gaps between high transverse energy jets, and a search for diffractive W-boson production. The combination of these results gives new insight into the exchanged object, believed to be the pomeron. The results axe consistent with factorization and with a hard pomeron that contains both quarks and gluons. There is also evidence for the exchange of a strongly interacting color singlet in high momentum transfer (36 < |t| < 1000 GeV²) events

[en] The entry of digital signal processors in modern control systems not only allows for extended diagnostics compared to analog systems but also for sophisticated and tricky extensions of the control algorithms. With modern DSP- and FPGA-technology, the processing speed of digital systems is no longer inferior to analog systems in many applications. A higher degree of digitalization leads to an increased complexity of the systems and hence to higher requirements on their operators. The focus of research and development in the field of high frequency control has changed in the last few years and moved towards the direction of software development and complexity management. In the presented thesis, a frame for an automation concept of modern high frequency control systems is developed. The developed automation is based on the concept of finite state machines (FSM), which is established in industry for years. A flexible framework was developed, in which procedures communicate using standardized interfaces and can be exchanged easily. With that, the developer of high frequency control components as well as the operator on shift shall be empowered to improve and adapt the automation to changed conditions without special programming skills required. Along the automation concept a number of algorithms addressing various problems were developed which satisfy the needs of modern high frequency control systems. Among the developed and successfully tested algorithms are the calibration of incident and reflected wave of resonators without antennas, the fast adaptive compensation of repetitive errors, the robust estimation of the phase advance in the control loop and the latency adjustment for the rejection of instabilities caused by passband modes. During the development of the resonator theory, high value was set on the usability of the equation in algorithms for high frequency control. The usage of the common nomenclature of control theory emphasizes the underlying mathematical structures of the equations. Several physical limitations and requirements, for example the limits of the vector sum calibration, were newly and adequately calculated based on the developed theory. The linear accelerator of the Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) served as the main platform for testing of the algorithms and concepts. The developed automation, in particular the flexible and transparent framework and methods for the reduction of the complexity of the various communication channels (quantization) is not only suited for high frequency control but also for other aspects of an accelerator and beyond. (orig.)

[en] The technique of the synthesis is developed and certain properties of the mixed ligand compound of the composition (NMe₄)₂[CeCl₄(NO₃)₂] which has been prepared for the first time are considered. The compound is crystallized in tetragonal crystal system, a₀=9.608(1); c₀=11.947(2)A; Z=2. It is built of the fragments (NMe₄)⁺ (Tsub(d) symmetry; data of IR and Raman spectra) and [CeCl₄(NO₃)₂]^2- having the trans-structure. NO₃^--group has a bidentate type of coordination by cerium. The evaluation of the (NMe₄)₂[CeCl₄(NO₃)₂] structure in the framework of space group I4m2 using the method of powder roentgenography (R=8.4%) testifies to the probability of the chosen model of the complex structure

[en] The following topics are dealt with: Development of instruments and methods, magnetic structure, magnetic phase transitions, magnetic excitations, magnetic thin films, chemical structure, structural phase transitions, biological materials, sof condensed matter, soft magnetic matter, nanostructures, strain and stress, cultural heritage, fundamental physics. (HSI)

[en] The following topics are dealt with: Development of instruments and methods, magnetic structure and phase transitions, magnetic excitations, chemical structure, structural excitations, geological materials, biological materials, soft matter, nanostructures, strain and stresses, cultural heritage, fundamental physics. (HSI)

No abstract available

[en] Results on hard scattering in single diffraction at √s=630 GeV are presented. We confirm the existence of jets in this process and note that the jets have typical properties, in agreement with other experiments. The effective pomeron structure function is harder than previously estimated. In events with 2-jets, both with E_t>8 GeV, the jets are seen to have a coplanar structure with the beam axis. (orig.)

[en] Carbon coated iron oxide nanoparticles (α-Fe₂O₃, cIO) obtained from ferrocene display very promising performance in terms of both, capacity retention at high current density and cycling stability. Because of these characteristics, cIO can be considered as interesting material for the realization of high energy lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). In this work we investigated for the first time the use of this conversion electrode in LICs. We showed that the use of cIO enables the realization of LICs with an operative voltage of 3.4 V, able to display promising values of energy and power. However, due to a degradation process occurring on the cIO electrode, the cycling stability of the investigated LIC was limited to some thousand of cycles. Taking into account these results, it is evident that in order to develop cIO-based LICs the improvement of the cycle life of these LICs is presently the main challenge that needs to be overcome

[en] A computerized system for the acquisition, administration and recording of test data of about 1000 pressure meters (transducers) being collected annually in nuclear power stations is described. The Mobile System is set up by three components - the control pressure device, the intelligent interface and the microcomputer (PDP 11/23, 256 kB) - the whole being assembled on a moveable wagon which allows on site measurement of the transducers. The PDP 11/23, fully integrated in a VT 103 video terminal, connects to the interface via an IEEE-488 bus system. Its keyboard is equipped with operation keys to handle and control the different test phases - uncoupling the transducer from plant operation, linking the transducer to the Mobile System, testing for leaks in the pipe system, recording and correcting the characteristic curve, reinstallation of the transducer in plant operation. Filling and emptying of the pipelines for high pressure measuring is computer controlled as well. As each Mobile System is a stand-alone test device, the number of systems is freely selectable according to environmental conditions (radiative and non-radiative zones, accessability etc.), failure resp. availability considerations and other boundary conditions. Data transport to and from the Stationary System is done via magnetic tape cartridges (256 KB), which may pick-up data of 150 transducers, or online via twisted pair cable connections between the measuring points and the Stationary System. (orig./GL)

[en] Techniques are developed for accelerating multigrid convergence in general, and for advection-diffusion and incompressible flow problems with small viscosity in particular. It is shown by analysis that the slowing down of convergence is due mainly to poor coarse-grid correction to certain error components, and means for dealing with this problem are suggested, analyzed, and tested by numerical experiments, showing very significant improvement in convergence rates at little cost