[en] The authors present a method which may be used to identify X-ray absorbing and emitting patterns. The decision process is performed by a spatial coding technique of the X-ray detector, thereby the measured intensity value describes a code word which is assigned to the unknown pattern. An experiment is performed with eight patterns which are generated by different orientations of a test mask. An algorithm for calculating and a simple technique for manufacturing the detector code masks are described. (Auth.)

[en] Full text: Helical one-dimensional conductors are characterized by spin (or Kramers partner) filtered transport, in which the conduction modes moving in opposite directions carry opposite spins. Such conductors have received much attention recently because they can be used for spin-filtering, Cooper pair splitting and, if they are brought in the proximity of a superconductor, support Majorana bound states at their ends. Helical conductors appear at the edges of topological insulators, semiconductor wires, and carbon nanotubes as an effect of spin-orbit interaction. They also appear in general one-dimensional conductors as a consequence of a nuclear spin ordering transition, or by the application of an external spiral magnetic field. In this talk, I focus on the helical conductors that appear by the opening of a pseudo-gap through a magnetic field, which includes most of the proposed systems except for the topological insulators. I show that electron-electron interactions strongly modify the system properties and make these helical conductors very different from the topological insulator edge states, mostly as a consequence of the existence and the renormalization of the pseudo-gap [1- 4]. For disordered systems, I show that the helical conductors exhibit two types of Anderson localization transitions, resulting from the competition between disorder scattering, electron-electron interactions, the opening of the pseudo-gap, and the dependence of spin-overlap integrals on the magnetic field. Tuning the magnetic field allows to switch through both transitions on demand. (authors) References: [1] B. Braunecker, G. I. Japaridze, J. Klinovaja, and D. Loss, Phys. Rev. B 82, 045127 (2010) [2] B. Braunecker, P. Simon, and D. Loss, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 116403 (2009) [3] B. Braunecker, P. Simon, and D. Loss, Phys. Rev. B 80, 165119 (2009) [4] B. Braunecker, C. Bena, and P. Simon, Phys. Rev. B 85, 035136 (2012) [5] B. Braunecker, A. Strom, and G. I. Japaridze, arXiv:1206.5844

[en] 13 papers from the field of holography are dealt with. (WL/AK)