[en] Observations on the permanent transformation during a flare of a fibril region into a stable plage region are presented as flare-associated re-orientation of the chromospheric magnetic field. (Auth.)

No abstract available

[en] Hα observations of a peculiar type of filament activation are presented and discussed. Ejected filament material was stopped at a distant position and formed a new stable filament for 1/2 - 1 hour until it returned to its source or faded in situ. A similar event has been observed at the solar limb. (Auth.)

[en] The Glossary is designed to be a technical dictionary that will provide solar workers of various specialities, students, other astronomers and theoreticians with concise information on the nature and properties of phenomena of solar and solar-terrestrial physics. Each term or group of related terms, is given a concise phenomenological and quantitative description, including the relationship to other phenomena and an interpretation in terms of physical processes. The references are intended to lead the non-specialist reader into the literature. This section deals with: photospheric faculae; facular point; polar faculae; magnetic knots; moving magnetic features; pore; sunspot; umbra; umbral dots; flashes and oscillations; light bridges; penumbra; penumbral waves; Evershed effect; and Wilson effect. (B.R.H.)

No abstract available

[en] The Glossary is designed to be a technical dictionary that will provide solar workers of various specialities, students, other astronomers and theoreticians with concise information on the nature and properties of phenomena of solar and solar-terrestrial physics. Each term, or group of related terms, is given a concise phenomenological and quantitative description including the relationship to other phenomena and an interpretation in terms of physical processes. The references are intended to lead the non-specialist reader into the literature. This section deals with: solar flare; thermal flare; flare area; flare importance or flare class; comprehensive flare index; flash phase; flare kernels; plage flare; two-ribbon flare; filament-associated flares; homologous flares; limb flares; flare-associated phenomena; Moreton wave; white-light flare; X-ray flare; hard X-ray flare; EUV bursts; flare gamma ray emission; particle flare or energetic flare; and flare mechanisms. (B.R.H.)

[en] Photospheric faculae, facular points and polar faculae are described as far as possible from data rendered by the study of spectral lines. Further sunspots are examined and their structure with subdivisions like umbra and penumbra as well as related phenomena like magnetic knots and magnetic flux inflow or outflow are described

[en] The Glossary is designed to be a technical dictionary that will provide solar workers of various specialities, students, other astronomers and theoreticians with concise information on the nature and properties of phenomena of solar and solar-terrestrial physics. Each term, or group of related terms, is given a concise phenomenological and quantitative description including the relationship to other phenomena and an interpretation in terms of physical processes. The references are intended to lead the non-specialist reader into the literature. This section deals with: (solar) activity; active region; complexes of activity; emerging flux regions; ephemeral region; sunspot group; proper motion (of sunspots); evolving magnetic features; parasites or inclusions; magnetic inversion line; filament channel or plage couloir; chromospheric plage; fibrils; moustache (Ellerman bomb); magnetic classification of active regions; Mt. Wilson spot classification; solar activity indices; and solar activity data. (B.R.H.)

[en] Flare production and the different types of flares are described in this chapter. An attempt is made to classify flares and to find an explanation of their mechanisms. Related phenomena like solar X-ray bursts are also briefly described

[en] The solar Active Region is an extremely complex phenomenon comprising a large variety of features (active,region phenomena) in the photosphere, chromosphere and corona. The occurrence of the various active phenomena depends on the phase and state of evolution of the AR; their appearance depends on the radiation used for the observation. The various phenomena are described and illustrated with photographs. Several paragraphs are dedicated to magnetic classification of AR, Mt. Wilson Spot Classification, solar activity indices, and solar activity data publications