[en] Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic angiography and interventional therapy for the different acute massive hemorrhage of abdomen. Methods: 80 cases of acute hemorrhage of abdomen and pelvis with clinical data of selective arteriography and endovascular interventional therapy were collected and analized retrospectively. Seldinger technique was adopted for selective visceral angiography via femoral approach with lipiodal, gelfoam and spring coils as the embolic materials. Results: All bleeding sites in 80 cases could be confirmed and 68 cases of them were successfully embolized, 9 cases occurred with rehaemorrhagia and 3 cases were ineffective. Conclusion: Interventional therapy not only ascertain the bleeding site, but also stop bleeding. The effect is certainly positive. (authors)

[en] Purpose: To set up a quantitative analysis method of dual-radionuclide penogram for evaluating vascular impotence. Methods: 42 impotent patients and 12 volunteers with normal function were studied by penile cavernous arterial system dynamic imaging using ^99mTc-RBC, and venous system dynamic imaging using ¹³'1I-OIH. These techniques are based on the simultaneous recording of penile cavernous hemodynamic changes for 30 min from the flaccid to full erect states by injecting 60 mg papaverine into the corpus cavernousum. Results: On the basis of normal value in the 12 volunteers, the TPIA was 2.07 +- 0.84, the IPIV was -0.34 +- 0.12. TPIA > 0.60 and IPIV > -0.48 were considered as normal. 42 impotent patients were divided into three groups: 13 of psychogenic (TPIA 1.90 +- 0.69, IPIV -0.36 +- 0.08), 21 of the veno-genic (TPIA 1.98 +- 0.10, IPIV -0.67 +- 0.12), 8 of TPIA abnormal and IPIV normal or abnormal (TPIA 0.34 +- 0.21, IPIV -0.55 +- 0.11). Conclusion: The radionuclide erection penogram is a safe, non-invasive and valuable screening test for the vasculogenic impotence, especially for the identification of arterial and venous dysfunction

[en] Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of bone imaging for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial surgical patients and to clarify whether the mandible is invaded by the adjacent lesion. Methods: Routine planar three-phase bone scintigraphy and semiquantitative mandibular tomography were performed on 5 controls and 15 patients. Of these 15 patients, 3 cases were with ameloblastoma of mandible, 5 cases with intraoral squamous carcinoma, 2 cases with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 case with hemangioma of tongue, 1 case with sarcoma of mandible, 1 case with mandibular cyst, 1 case with chronic parotitis and 1 postextraction patient. Results: All of 3 ameloblastomas of mandible showed high uptake of ⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP. The mandibles invaded by intraoral squamous carcinoma and the embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma showed that the ratio of lesion-to-cervical vertebrae (L/C) was more than 1; the mandibles not invaded by intraoral squamous carcinoma and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma showed that the L/C was less than 1; the tongue hemangioma showed a high uptake of ⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP in blood flow phase and blood pool phase, but no high uptake of ⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP in bone imaging. For the postextraction case, the alveolar bone showed a high uptake of ⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP in mandibular tomography, but L/C was less than 1; mandibular carcinomas showed a high uptake of ⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP in mandibular tomography, L/C was 1.01. Conclusions: Routine planar three-phase bone scintigraphy and semiquantitative mandibular tomography is a useful method for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases in oral and maxillofacial surgery, and it is also helpful for finding out the limits of foci and invasion of mandibles by the lesions in adjacent tissue in clinical practising

[en] Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified Folfox regimen in combination with interventional therapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods: Thirty-four patients were treated with modified Folfox regimen in combination with interventional therapy which was given at intervals of 4 or 5 weeks until the disease became worse, or the patient could not tolerate the drug toxicity, or the patient decided to stop the treatment. On an average,each patient received 7 therapeutic courses. Response to treatment and toxicity reaction to the drug were recorded according to NCI toxicity criteria. All data were analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier method with SPSS software(version 15.0, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: All patients tolerated the toxicity and treatment. The mean follow-up period was 17 months, with the longest period being of 32 months. Of 34 patients, complete remission was seen in 4(11.8%), partial remission in 20(58.8%), stable condition in 6(17.6%) and deterioration in 4(11.8%). The overall response rate was 70.6%. The cumulated survival rate at 12, 24 and 32 months was 76.5%, 33.1% and 12.5% respectively, with a median survival time of 18 months. NCI grade 1 or 2 toxicities occurred, including alopecia (64.7%), peripheral neuritis (11.8%), anemia (11.8%), leucopenia(31.9%), diarrhea (29.4%), stomatitis (23.5%), thrombocytopenia (11.8%) and elevated ALT(5.9%). Grade 3 or 4 occurred in 47.1% and 11.8% of patients respectively,which included nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Four patients developed grade 3 ALT elevation. No treatment-related death occurred. Conclusion: Modified Folfox regimen in combination with interventional therapy is a safe and effective treatment for advanced gastric cancer with fewer adverse effects. (authors)

[en] Objective: To discuss the technique, efficacy and clinical significance of cryoablation combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) for the treatment of advanced hepatic carcinoma. Methods: One hundred and ninety-two patients, who accorded with the selected criterion, were divided into TACE group (n=100) and combination group (cryotherapy combined with TACE, n=92). Pre-and post-treatment AFP level, recurrence rate and life span between two groups were compared. Results: The complete necrosis rate of the tumor and the recurrence rate in TACE group were 29% and 42%, which were 88.04% and 24% in combination group, respectively. The serum AFP level was significantly decreased after treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the reduction in AFP level was significantly greater in combination group than that in TACE group (P<0.05). During a follow-up of 30 months the survival rate at each evaluation period of combination group was higher than that of TACE group without exception. Conclusion: As an effective and safe technique, cryoablation combined with chemoembolization is far superior to simple TACE in treating advanced hepatic carcinoma. (authors)

[en] The temporal evolution of residual charges during laser ablation of metal and dielectric materials was investigated by measuring the correlated transient electric field using femtosecond electron shadow imaging and deflectometry. The results indicate that residual charges in metals can redistribute themselves almost instantly, abiding by the boundary conditions and Maxwell equations in the same way as they would at electrostatic equilibrium condition, but residual charges in dielectrics are confined within the excited area for hundreds of picoseconds and beyond. These observations provide an experimental support to the alleged Coulomb explosion phenomenon in previous studies as well as a reference for modeling residual charge dynamics.

[en] We report the measurement of the electronic Grueneisen parameter γ_e of the ferromagnetic transition metal nickel. In this measurement, the electronic thermal expansion was differentiated from other thermal contributions by simultaneously monitoring the laser-induced ultrafast stress and structural dynamics in the time domain using femtosecond electron diffraction. This method overcomes the restriction of traditional low temperature methods and offers a unique path to study electronic thermal expansion in magnetic metals. The result indicates that the local magnetic moment, which persists in the paramagnetic state of nickel, does not significantly contribute to the thermal expansion

[en] Time-resolved electron diffraction employing MeV electron beams is demonstrated experimentally at the center for ultrafast diffraction and microscopy of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. A high-quality diffraction pattern is recorded by a single shot of electron pulse. Synchronization between the pump laser and the probe electron beam is achieved through measurement of electron deflection caused by the laser-induced plasmas in a metal tip. We study the ultrafast structural dynamics of the gold lattice excited by a femtosecond laser through tracing the change of Bragg peaks intensity at different time delays. It is expected that the combination of MeV ultrashort electron beams and femtosecond laser pulses will open many new opportunities in the ultrafast and ultrasmall world. (authors)

[en] Transient surface electric fields induced by femtosecond laser irradiation of an aluminum film were investigated directly by ultrashort electron pulses. At pump intensities of 2.9 ∼ 7.1 × 10¹⁰ W cm⁻², the transient electric fields last at least one nanosecond with a maximum field strength of 3.2 ∼ 5.3 × 10⁴ V m⁻¹ at 120 μm above the aluminum surface. The transient electric fields and the associated evolution of photoelectrons were explained by a ‘three-layer’ model. The potential influence of such fields on reflection ultrafast electron diffraction and time-resolved angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy were evaluated

[en] A compact ultrafast electron diffractometer, consisting of an s-band 1.6 cell photocathode radio-frequency gun, a multi-function changeable sample chamber, and a sensitive relativistic electron detector, was built at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. High-quality single-shot transmission electron diffraction patterns have been recorded by scattering 2.5 MeV electrons off single crystalline gold and polycrystalline aluminum samples. The high quality diffraction pattern indicates an excellent spatial resolution, with the ratio of the diffraction ring radius over the ring rms width beyond 10. The electron pulse width is estimated to be about 300 fs. The high temporal and spatial resolution may open new opportunities in various areas of sciences