[en] Computer tomography was used in 42 patients for the exploration of ventricular and subarachnoidal spaces following intraventricular, lumbar or suboccipital injections of 3 to 5 ml Amipaque using the kind of manoeuvre to permit optimum filling of the region concerned. This type of CT ventriculo- or cisternography is a significant supplement to plain CT examination particularly because it supplies data on the causes of CSF passage blocks. Thus, in two female patients it proved possible to localize cysts in the 3rd ventricle, the density of which was no different from that of CSF. As regards benign stenoses of the aqueduct, it is likely to yield less information than conventional specific ventriculography. On the other hand, the technique gives perfect visualization of all possible communications between pathological intracranial cavities and the ventricular system. CT cisternography proved useful for the identification of small-size isodense growths in the region of the sella turcica, and brought convincing evidence of the causes of profuse liquorrhea by demonstrating the presence of nasal meningocele. It was also found helpful in the analysis of the craniocervical region, otherwise difficult to survey. (author)

[en] The experiences are described of the examination of orbita in children using computer tomography (CT). Over a period of four years 42 examinations were performed of children in the age ranging between 7 months and 15 years, i.e., 2.7 per cent of all CT examinations performed. The highest diagnostic yield was in orbita tumours. The possibilities of CT are demonstrated on examples. (author)

[en] 26 brain abscesses are analyzed which were treated over a period of five years at the neurosurgical department of the medical faculty of Hradec Kralove (CS), i.e., in the years 1978 -1983. The analysis is focused on the degree to which CT (computerized tomography) affected not only the results but also the tactics of such therapy, which shifted to the benefit of less radical methods, i.e., puncture and drainage. In certain cases, of course, the radical method of excision with capsule cannot be avoided. In exceptional cases CT may be used for documenting the healing of a brain abscess, i.e., of the inflammation focus following conservative treatment with antibiotics only. Of the 26 patients only one was lost. A new problem is presented by very small abscesses in functionally valuable zones of the brain. Here the choice of tactics is more urgent than ever because the physician is concerned not only with saving the life of his patient but with saving the quality of his life. (author). 5 figs., 3 tabs., 18 refs

[en] From a one-year operation of the only computerized tomography unit in the country so far a great deal of medical, technical and economic experience was gained that can be usefully applied in the planned extension of the network of these units in Czechoslovakia. These findings may influence the choice of the type of apparatus as well as the organization of its operation. Also an attempt was made to express the expenses per examination in our conditions. The medical sphere confirms the top position of this method in neuroradiological diagnosis and also its great usefulness for other regions than the head. (author)

[en] A group of 300 patients with craniocerebral injuries admitted for treatment after the introduction of CT was compared with an equally large aroup prior to CT. The mortality has not dropped significantly, there have been substantially fewer cases of angiography and exploratory trephination, in contrast to more specific operations, resection of the focus of contusion or intracerebral hematoma evacuations. CT shows the surgeon where to operate, it can visualize multiple foci, show the lesion dynamics, and make after-care easier. The decision-making on therapeutical strategy, however, continues to be based on the clinical picture. (author)

[en] The contribution of computerized tomography is evaluated from three angles. Discussed are: the adjustment of the health facility to the possibilities and capacity of CT, i.e., the immediate use of the diagnosis; the economy of CT operation and its retroactive effect on the efficacy of the health facility; the role of the engineer and his position at the respective workplace and the technical service organization. (J.P.)

[en] 53 cranial computed tomographic scans were performed and the contribution of this new radiographic method is emphasized to ophthalmologic diagnosis, especially to the differential diagnosis of proptoses and orbital lesions. Computerized tomography is a noninvasive method easily tolerated by patients. Rapid diagnosis and exclusion of pathological processes shorten. The duration of the hospital treatment of patients. (author)

[en] Based on an analysis of the results of their first 20 examinations the authors provide evidence of the high informative value of CT examinations of laryngeal tumours. Despite limited technical and interpretation experience, the examinations were a success and effectively supplemented information obtained by clinical and laryngoscopic examinations in 17 of 20 patients. It is very probable that a combination of clinical examination, laryngoscopy, CT examination and biopsy will be in the near future the approach of choice and will restrict other hitherto made examinations such as simple X-ray, classic tomography and also contrast laryngography to a minimum, or that it will replace them completely. CT has, no doubt, reserves as regards the improvement of the methodical approach. (author)

[en] New diagnostic methods, such as angiography, cisternography by contrast media, and computerized tomography are described and the results shown for a group of fifty patients who had tumours directly affecting the temporal bone and who were examined and operated on in a neurosurgical clinic. Arteriography and jugulography yield essential information on the extent of these greatly vascularized tumours and also on the obstructions of the cervical part of the carotid artery and v. jugularis in tympanojugular chemodectomas in which CT is less applicable. Computerized tomography is now a method of choice for intracranial tumours and it is suitably supplemented by vertebral and/or carotid arteriography. Cisternography by Myodil is of primary importance not only in small intracanalicular neurinomas, but also in those tumours in the region of pontocerebellar angle where CT would be negative or where any other methods only yield controversial results. Imaging the skeleton of the skull base continues, however, to maintain its value whereas pneumoencephalography and ventriculography recede into the background. (author)