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No abstract available

[en] A specimen banking is a physical archive of samples collected as part of an environmental monitoring programme. It is an activity involving the characterization and storage of these samples for deferred analysis. The main problems in establishing a Chinese specimen banking for trace element research in environmental and biological systems are to develop a set of selection criteria to collect the most representative environmental and biological samples and to develop optimal procedures for specimen preservation. The authors originally intend to collect the following samples: 1) tree ring for heavy metal monitoring, e.g. Pb and Cd; 2) lake sediments for long term trend research of trace elements and flux estimation; 3) loess; 4) human tissues and organs at Hg-polluted and Se-deficient regions; 5) soils and plants at the areas where the REE-fertilizers are used; 6) environmental samples at some new industrial zones

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[en] The author reviews the development of NAA in recent years in China. It includes the applications of NAA to geochemistry and cosmochemistry, such as cosmic dusts, meteorites, boundary clays, mantle inclusions, petrogenesis, tectonic environment and precious metal prospecting and assessment

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[en] The chemical compositions of the Ningqiang carbonaceous chondrite matrix and a dark rim are analysed with instrumental neutron activation method. The results indicate that there are more abundant light REE and chalcophile elements in the matrix of Ningqiang than in the whole rock sample of Ningqiang, and it roughly exhibits a similarity of REE model between the Ningqiang and Allende matrices. The difference between the dark rim and Ningqiang matrix is that the former has richer FeO and poorer refractory elements. It is deduced that the meteorite matrix and the dark rim came from different source material regions of the solar nebula. The event related to the formation of the dark rim might ever have taken place many times in the different regions of the solar nebula

[en] The features, developing trends and some frontier topics of nuclear analysis techniques and their applications in environmental science were reviewed, including the study of chemical speciation and environmental toxicology, microanalysis and identification of atmospheric particle, nuclear analysis methodology with high accuracy and quality assurance of environmental monitoring, super-sensitive nuclear analysis method and addiction of toxicant with DNA, environmental specimen banking at nuclear analysis centre and biological environmental monitor, etc

[en] An improved method of analysis of metals in protein bands with synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) separation is introduced and applied to human liver cytosol. Through a step of drying the gel before SRXRF determination, the continuous background resulting mainly from the Compton-scattering of X-rays by the gel matrix was substantially reduced, and the detection of biological trace elements, such as Cu, Fe, and Zn in protein bands was thereby made possible. With the new procedure, six Zn-containing proteins with molecular weights (MWs) of 17.5, 20.5, 27, 35, 55, and 63 kDa, respectively were found in human liver cytosol, among which the 63 kDa Zn-containing band was shown to be the dominant form of zinc. In addition, at least four Fe containing proteins with MWs of 20, 23, 43, and 83.5 kDa, respectively, were present in the samples. The metal contents in some metalloproteins, such as the 63 kDa Zn-containing protein, the 23 and 83.5 kDa Fe-containing proteins, and a 22 kDa Cu-containing protein were more closely related to the metal level in the sample. It is demonstrated that the procedure could be widely used to further investigate metal-binding proteins in biological samples

[en] The current trends, main activities, innovative methodologies and typical applications of activation analysis during the period from 1979 to 1988 are revied. Merits and demerits of this trace analytical method compared with those based on non-nuclear principals are also discussed