[en] The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is under construction at Darmstadt, Germany. It will deliver high intensity beams of ions and antiprotons for experiments in the fields of atomic physics, plasma physics, nuclear physics, hadron physics, nuclear matter physics, material physics and biophysics. One of the scientific pillars of FAIR is the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment which is designed for the study of high density nuclear matter as it exists in the core of neutron stars. In this article the scientific program of FAIR will be reviewed with emphasis on the CBM experiment

[en] The STAR experiment at RHIC took data at √SNN = 130 and 200 GeV. Observation of a clear peak in two particle correlation at small relative pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle between the high p_T charged particles show the presence of jets. The charged particle spectra at high transverse momenta shows suppression when compared with the nucleon-nucleon reference. A large elliptic flow is observed at high p_T. New observation of two particle correlation at larger relative azimuthal angle between particles show the disappearance of back to back correlation for central collisions. All these observations taken together suggest that the core of the collision is opaque and that jets are observed, meaning large energy loss of partons or their fragments. (author)

[en] The main goal of all the experiments performed using the ultra- relativistic heavy ion beams is to search for the formation of deconfined state of quarks and gluons, called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Unlike the search for the production of exotic particle, the search of the formation of QGP is full of theoretical predictions, demanding a scenario for the experimentalists to detect all the particles coming out of the collisions. One of the most important variables being discussed in this article is the detection of photon multiplicity which was undertaken in WA93 experiment using S+Au collisions and in WA98 experiment with Pb-Pb collisions. (author)

[en] The results from the WA93 experiment indicate the low p_t enhancement for photons for S+Au collisions at 200 A GeV. This conclusion is drawn from the observation of photon spectra up to very low transverse momenta and from the results of photon multiplicity measurement. Rapidity and the multiplicity distribution of photons in high energy A-A collisions have been measured for the first time, and the results are compared with VENUS event generator. Another important observation from WA93 experiment is the observation of the azimuthal anisotropy as a consequence of collective flow phenomena, in S+Au collisions at SPS energy

[en] The Facility for anti-proton and Ion Research (FAIR) is coming up at Darmstadt, Germany. The largest upcoming mega-science facility worldwide will explore four scientific pillars (a) nuclear matter under extreme density (b) hadron physics (c) nuclear structure and astrophysics (d) atomic, plasma and biophysics. India is the 3rd largest contributor in the project and is contributing in terms of in kind accelerator and detector equipment. The details of the FAIR project, Indian contribution and latest status will be presented. (author)

[en] Over last 3 decades dedicated detailed efforts are being made to study nuclei at extreme conditions. e.g. at very high temperature (-200 MeV) and at high density (5-6 times nuclear matter density). These conditions, having significance in understanding the origin of universe and other astrophysical phenomena, are being created in laboratory using high energy heavy ion collisions. One immediate goal of these studies is to test the production and properties of Quark Gluon Plasma, the de-confined equilibrated phase of quarks and gluons. Experiments using heavy ions as colliding systems have been performed at CERN and at BNL with center of mass energies (√(s)) ranging from 20 GeV to 200 GeV. Interesting results are obtained unequivocally indicating the production of new interesting matter at high density which seems to be locally equilibrated. Results will be presented on various observations and their interpretations based on theoretical models. Future plans using LHC at CERN and other future heavy ion facilities will be discussed. (author)

[en] Short communication. 1 ref., 1 fig

[en] In this talk, I review the recent results from RHIC and discuss their significance. (author)

[en] Full text: Over the last two decades, VECC has been actively participating in high energy heavy ion experiments at the accelerator facilities around the world. These experiments are aimed at studying the matter at high density and/or at high temperature produced in high energy heavy ion collisions. High granularity Photon Multiplicity Detectors (PMD) have been built at VECC for experiments conducted at CERN-Geneva and at BNL-USA. VECC is also participating actively along with other Indian collaborating institutes in LHC experiments at CERN. A large area high granularity, fast muon detector system is proposed to be built by Indian collaborators at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI-Germany. An expert base of experimental physicists has been developed over the years based on the participation in these experiments. Challenges, achievements and future directions in these International collaborations will be discussed. (author)

[en] Short communication. 3 refs., 2 figs