[en] The activated cerebral regions and the timing of information processing in the hemispheres was investigated using event-related potentials (ERP) and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as the neurophysiological indicators. Seven men and one woman (age 19-27 years) were asked to categorize two-syllable Japanese nouns (verbal condition) and to judge the difference between pairs of rectangles (spatial condition), both tests presented on a monochrome display. In the electroencephalogram (EEG) session, EEG were recorded from 16 electrode sites, with linked earlobe electrodes as reference. In the positron emission tomography (PET) session, rCBF were measured by the ¹⁵O-labeled H₂O bolus injection method. Regions of interest were the frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital and central lobes, and the entire cerebral hemispheres. When the subtracted voltages of the ERP in homologous scalp sites were compared for the verbal and spatial conditions, the significant differences were at F7·F8 and T5·T6 (the 10-20 system). The latencies of the differences at T5·T6 were around 200, 250 and 320 ms. A significant difference in rCBF between the verbal and spatial conditions was found only in the temporal region. It was concluded that early processing of information, that is, registration and simple recognition, may be performed mainly in the left temporal lobe for verbal information and in the right for spatial information. (author)

[en] In this study, the author proposes a jointly setting model for determining the process mean and economic manufacturing quantity (EMQ) under the machine breakdown and deteriorating production process. The system addresses the corrective maintenance, preventive maintenance, and allowable shortage. The quality loss of conforming product is considered and Taguchi’s asymmetric quadratic quality loss function is used for evaluating the product quality. The optimal process mean and economic manufacturing quantity are jointly determined by minimizing the total expected cost of product per unit time including the set-up cost, holding cost, corrective maintenance cost, preventive maintenance cost, shortage cost. A solution procedure is devised to obtain the optimal solution and the sensitivity analysis of key parameters is conducted to investigate the effect on the optimal solution. (paper)