[en] Objective: To explore and analyze the limitations of the dose conversion coefficients of the current national standard GBZ/T144-2002 external photon irradiation, in order to provide some reference for its update. Methods: Compare the dose conversion coefficients of the national standard GBZ/T144-2002 with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 116 and analyze the differences. Results: The overall change trends of the two dose conversion coefficients are consistent, however, the left lateral geometry of the liver radiation, dose conversion coefficients of the ICRP 116 for females and males are higher than GBZ/T144. when the energy is less than 150 keV, the relative changes can be more than 30%; in addition to the right lateral geometry, dose conversion coefficients of the ICRP 116 for females are higher than males; the energy from 30 keV to 200 keV, the relative changes of the left lateral geometry in radiation are more than 30%, the lower the energy, the greater the difference, the largest is more than 100%. The antero-posterior geometry radiation of the female breasts. the energy higher than 4 MeV, the relative changes are more than 50%. Conclusion: Under different radiation conditions, the national standard is consistent with the results of ICRP 116, but when considering the type of reference phantom and reference persons' parameters, gender, secondary electron, incident photon energy and so on, the difference is obvious and the dose conversion coefficients of the GBZ/T144 need to make some adjustments. (authors)

[en] Employing both the Dirac R-matrix and the relativistic distorted wave with independent process and isolated resonance approaches, we report resonance enhanced electron impact excitation data (specifically, effective collision strengths) among the lowest 41 levels from the n = 3 configurations of Cu XV. The results show that the latter approach can obtain resonance contributions reasonably well for most excitations of Cu XV, though a comparison between the two approaches shows that the close-coupling effects are truly significant for rather weak excitations, especially for two-electron excitations from the 3s3p"4 to 3s"23p"23d configuration. Resonance contributions are significant (more than two orders of magnitude) for many excitations and dramatically influence the line intensity ratios associated with density diagnostics. (paper)

[en] The KLn dielectronic recombination processes of trapped highly charged B-like through He-like Cu ions are studied theoretically, and the theoretical results are used to analyse our previous experimental data at Heidelberg electron beam ion trap (EBIT). The theoretical resonant positions agree with the experimental resonant positions to a precision of 0.4%, in comparison with the resonant positions of those highest peaks between theory and experiment. The experimental spectra are then fitted using a formula with the theoretical resonant energies and strengths, the result shows good overall agreement between theory and experiment over a wide electron energy range. The distribution of highly charged states is obtained from the fitting parameters

[en] A comprehensive theoretical study of correlation effects on the fine-structure splitting within the ground configuration 3d"9 of the Co-like Hf"4"5"+, Ta"4"6"+, W"4"7"+, and Au"5"2"+ ions is performed by employing the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method in the active space approximation. It shows that the core-valence correlation with the inner-core 2p electron is more significant than with the outer 3p and 3s electrons, and the correlation with the 2s electron is also noticeable. The core–core correlation seems to be small and can be ignored. The calculated "2D_3_/_2_,_5_/_2 splitting energies agree with the recent electron-beam ion-trap measurements [Phys. Rev. A 83 032517 (2011), Eur. Phys. J. D 66 286 (2012)] to within the experimental uncertainties. (paper)

[en] The electron–ion recombination for phosphorus-like ¹¹²Sn³⁵⁺ has been measured at the main cooler storage ring of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, China, employing an electron–ion merged-beams technique. The absolute total recombination rate coefficients for electron–ion collision energies from 0 eV–14 eV are presented. Theoretical calculations of recombination rate coefficients were performed using the Flexible Atomic Code to compare with the experimental results. The contributions of dielectronic recombination and trielectronic recombination on the experimental rate coefficients have been identified with the help of the theoretical calculation. The present results show that the trielectronic recombination has a substantial contribution to the measured electron–ion recombination spectrum of ¹¹²Sn³⁵⁺. Although a reasonable agreement is found between the experimental and theoretical results the precise calculation of the electron–ion recombination rate coefficients for M-shell ions is still challengeable for the current theory. (paper)

[en] Highlights: • Energies, transition rates, and lifetimes for the lowest 150 levels of the $3s^{2}3p^3,$ $3s3p^4,$ $3s^{2}3p^{2}3d,$ $3s3p^{3}3d,$ $3p^5,$ and $3s^{2}3p3d^2$ configurations in P-like Ge XVIII are provided. • The MCDHF and MBPT methods are employed. • The most accurate and complete atomic data for Ge XVIII are provided. Using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) and the relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) methods, a consistent set of transition energies and radiative transition data for the lowest 150 states of the $3s^{2}3p^3,$ $3s3p^4,$ $3s^{2}3p^{2}3d,$ $3s3p^{3}3d,$ $3p^5,$ and $3s^{2}3p3d^2$ configurations in P-like Ge XVIII is provided. To assess the accuracy of the MCDHF transition energies, we have also performed calculations using the many-body perturbation theory (MBPT). Comparisons are made between the present MCDHF and MBPT data sets, as well as with other available experimental and theoretical values. The resulting accurate and consistent MCDHF data set will be useful for line identification and modeling purposes. These data can be considered as a benchmark for other calculations.

[en] Highlights: • Excitation energies and wavelengths of $n=3$ states of the W LVII–W LXII tungsten ions are systematically investigated. • Electron correlation, Breit interaction and QED corrections to the excitation energies are studied in detail. Atomic properties of $n=3$ states of the W${}^{56+}$ - W${}^{61+}$ ions are systematically investigated through two state-of-the-art methods, namely, the second-order many-body perturbation theory, and the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method combined with the relativistic configuration interaction approach. The contributions of valence-valence and core-valence electron correlations, the Breit interaction, the higher-order retardation correction beyond the Breit interaction through the transverse photon interaction, and the quantum electrodynamical corrections to the excitation energies are studied in detail. The excitation energies and wavelengths obtained with the two methods agree with each other within $\approx 0.01$%. The present results achieve spectroscopic accuracy and provide a benchmark test for various applications and other theoretical calculations of W${}^{56+}$ - W${}^{61+}$ ions. They will assist spectroscopists in their assignment and direct identification of observed lines in complex spectra.