[en] The stimulation effect that some beneficial agronomic qualities have exhibited in present-generation plants have also been observed due to ion implantation on plants. However, there is relatively little knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism of the stimulation effects of ion-beam implantation. In order to extend our current knowledge about the functional genes related to this stimulation effect, we have reported a comprehensive microarray analysis of the transcriptome features of the promoted-growth rice seedlings germinating from seeds implanted by a low-energy N⁺ beam. The results showed that 351 up-regulated transcripts and 470 down-regulated transcripts, including signaling proteins, kinases, plant hormones, transposable elements, transcription factors, non-coding protein RNA (including miRNA), secondary metabolites, resistance proteins, peroxidase and chromatin modification, are all involved in the stimulating effects of ion-beam implantation. The divergences of the functional catalog between the vacuum and ion implantation suggest that ion implantation is the principle cause of the ion-beam implantation biological effects, and revealed the complex molecular networks required to adapt to ion-beam implantation stress in plants, including enhanced transposition of transposable elements, promoted ABA biosynthesis and changes in chromatin modification. Our data will extend the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms and gene regulation of stimulation effects. Further research on the candidates reported in this study should provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of biological effects induced by ion-beam implantation. (author)

[en] Highlights: • Gene expression on brains in juvenile zebrafish treated TCS was reported. • Go analysis showed TCS affected visual perception and immune system process. • TCS affected Phototransduction and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. -- Abstract: Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent and has been widely used in a diversity of personal care products. However, recent studies suggest that TCS has some adverse effects, and some evidences suggest in vitro neurotoxicity and developmental neurotoxicity of embryos. There are currently few studies concerning the mechanisms of TCS induced late developmental neurotoxic effect. Therefore, we investigated effects of juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposure to TCS. Male juvenile zebrafish were exposed to 68.0 μg/L TCS for 42 days. After the exposure experiment, eight Agilent Zebrafish V3 Gene Expression Microarrays were used to identify gene expression changes on brains from the control and TCS treated zebrafish. Microarray analysis yielded 364 differentially expressed genes (FDR adjusted P-value < .05; fold change >2) predominately represented by visual perception, immune system process, multicellular organismal development, antigen processing and presentation, macrophage differentiation functional categories. Pathway analysis showed that TCS mainly influenced Phototransduction and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. In addition, visual perception functional genes involved in Phototransduction were upregulated, while immune system process functional genes involved in Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction were downregulated. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed the microarray data. These data suggest that TCS could affect visual centers, immune system, and development in the brain of juvenile fish to cause central neurotoxicity. Our study reveals new molecular targets for TCS and provides further insights into the molecular mechanisms of TCS toxicity during late development.