[en] A sealed ion chromatograph is developed. It is divided into two parts: an internal box and an outer box. All parts contacted with radioactive solution are placed in internal box, the internal box is put in a closed protective glove box. The operation in internal box such as automatic sampling, switching both anion and cation analytical system and automatic reproduction of suppressor is controlled by an automatic system in outer box. The internal box is made of plastic material. The operation and observation are very convenient, because the operational parts and tube-lines are in the front of the internal box. All parts of instrument in the box are separated from each other, and the replacement of the parts is very easy. The instrument is suitable for determining of anions, alkali metals and alkali earth metals in nuclear fuel reprocessing solution and high-level liquid waste. It's noise is less than full scale 1% and the drift of baseline is better than full scale 2%. The detectable limits of the instrument are 15 μg·L^-1 and 50 μg·L^-1 for Cl^- and Na⁺, respectively. The linear relation coefficients are better than 0.995 for the calibration curves of the anions and cations

[en] It was quite common and practicable that one high speed printer was connected to several DICOM modalities in hospitals with central printing system. For different image quality was demanded by different modalities, image quality should be controled at the printer side, to achieve acceptable high quality medical image on film. The principles and the application of the Direct Dry Printer were discussed in this article as an example. The characteristics of the Direct Dry Printer could produce good film with continuous tone, abundant grayscale and high-quality spatial resolution. It also had a number of' other advantages such as improved structure, higher image quality, faster print speed and more friendly to the environment. (authors)

[en] Uranium content in uranium metallurgical slag is determined with three kinds of destructive analysis (DA) methods: flow inject analysis (FIA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to examine the accuracy of nondestructive analysis (NDA) methods for segmented gamma ray scanning system (SGS) and active well coincidence counter (AWCC). The result indicates that the analytical data of three kinds of DA methods agree with each other very well. The accurate uranium content in metallurgical slag is obtained. The results measured by NDA instruments SGS and AWCC are calibrated

[en] This paper uses a total-factor framework to investigate energy efficiency in 23 developing countries during the period of 1980-2005. We explore the total-factor energy efficiency and change trends by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) window, which is capable of measuring efficiency in cross-sectional and time-varying data. The empirical results indicate that Botswana, Mexico and Panama perform the best in terms of energy efficiency, whereas Kenya, Sri Lanka, Syria and the Philippines perform the worst during the entire research period. Seven countries show little change in energy efficiency over time. Eleven countries experienced continuous decreases in energy efficiency. Among five countries witnessing continuous increase in total-factor energy efficiency, China experienced the most rapid rise. Practice in China indicates that effective energy policies play a crucial role in improving energy efficiency. Tobit regression analysis indicates that a U-shaped relationship exists between total-factor energy efficiency and income per capita. - Research Highlights: → To measure the total-factor energy efficiency using DEA window analysis. → Focus on an application area of developing countries in the period of 1980-2005. → A U-shaped relationship was found between total-factor energy efficiency and income.

[en] Highlights: • Ni@Ni_xP_y core-shell microstructures are synthesized by a low-temperature phosphidation route. • The initial Ni/NaH₂PO₂ molar ratio can strongly affect the phase of the final product. • Ni@Ni_xP_y microstructures present good catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. • The catalytic property of Ni@Ni_xP_y microstructures presents markedly phase-dependent features. - Abstract: Magnetic Ni@Ni_xP_y core-shell microstructures were successfully synthesized by a simple low-temperature phosphidation route, employing Ni nanospheres as the initial nickel source, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O as the phosphorus ion source. The phosphidation reaction was carried out in N₂ atmosphere at 300 °C for 2 h. Experiments showed that the initial Ni/NaH₂PO₂ molar ratio could strongly affect the phase of the final product. When the Ni/NaH₂PO₂ molar ratio of 1:2.77 was used, hexagonal Ni₂P phase was obtained; while the Ni/NaH₂PO₂ molar ratio was 1:5.54, hexagonal Ni₅P₄ phase was produced. It was found that the magnetic properties of the products gradually decreased with the conversion from Ni nanospheres, to Ni@Ni₂P and to Ni@Ni₅P₄. Moreover, initial Ni nanospheres, Ni@Ni₂P and Ni@Ni₅P₄ core-shell microstructures presented outstanding catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) in excess NaBH₄ solution. Ni@Ni₅P₄ core-shell microstructures owned the best catalytic activity.