[en] Gastritis cystica profunda is an uncommon benign mass that usually occurs on the gastric side of the site of a gastroenterostomy, but has also been known to develop in which has not been operated on. We report the case of stomach a 51-years-old man with pathologically proven gastritis cystica profunda. This patient had not undergone gastric surgery CT showed a well-defined, 3cm sized, cystic mass at the gastric antrum

[en] The purpose of this study is to determine the MR imaging findings of pyogenic spondylitis. In 31 patients with pathologically or clinically proven pyogenic spondylitis, MR images (31, T1-weighted; 30, T2-weighted; 31, Gd-enhancement pattern of involved vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs, as well as paravertebral soft tissue abnormality. With regard to vertebral bodies, MR imaging findings of pyogenic spondylitis are low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, and high or intermediate signal intensity on T2-weighted images, together with diffuse enhancement. For intervertebral discs, signal intensity was low on T1-weighted images, high on T2-weighted images, and peripheral or diffuse enhancement was seen. Diffusely enhanced small paravertebral soft tissue abnormality was also present. (author). 15 refs., 4 figs

[en] To characterize the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis. The cervical MR images of 14 patients with pathologically or clinically proven cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis were retrospectively analyzed. T1-and T2-weighted or proton density images and contrast enhanced MR images were obtained in all patients. Most patient had multiple (n = 12), unilateral lesions (n = 10), 8 mm to 45 mm is size, round (n = 46) or ovoid (n = 46) in shape and all with smooth and well-defined margins mostly at internal jugular chain (N2: 41, N3: 2, N4: 21). The signal intensities of the most lymph nodes were isointense or slightly hyperintense on T1-weighted images, and hyperintense (all) with variable homogeneity on T2-weighted and/or proton density images. After contrast enhancement most showed characteristic thin peripheral rim enhancement (n =71). The characteristic MR features of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis would be multiple, unilateral enlarged lymph nodes which showed iso or slightly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted image, high signal intensity on T2-weighted and/or proton density image and peripheral rim enhancement

[en] To evaluate the interobserver variation in interpretation of the mammographic findings suggesting malignancy. Sixty-two mammograms of proven breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed by 5 radiologists based on the 15 findings that suggest malignancy. Using kappa value, the degree of interobserver agreement was calculated. There were fair to excellent interobserver agreements for 5 findings which were clustered microcalcifications(k=0.7642), ductal calcifications (k=0.5463), lobulated mass(k=0.4539), asymmetric breast parenchyma(k=0.4487) and nipple retraction(k=0.1572), duct ectasia(k=0.0200). The most reliable finding suggesting breast cancer was clustered microcalcifications

[en] We performed this study to evaluate the usefulness and the limitation of magnetic resonance angiography in imaging portal vein and hepatic vein. Magnetic resonance portography was performed in five normal subjects and seven patients with hepatomas, two patients with Budd-Chiari syndromes, one patient with liver cirrhosis and one patient with hepatic metastasis from stomach cancer. Magnetic resonance angiography was done with a 1.5-T Scanner. Breath-hold two-dimensional time-of flight images with spoiled gradient echo technique were acquired. Scan parameters were 34/8/40 .deg.(TR ms/TE ms/flip angle). The portal vein and the hepatic vein were selectively imaged by applying two presaturation bands. These images were then post processed by a maximum intensity projection algorithm. MRA findings were compared with ultrasonography in all cases of the hepatic disease, and conventional angiography (SMA portography) in four cases. In normal subjects, the splenic vein, intrahepatic and extrahepatic portions of the portal vein, and the hepatic veins were well visualized. In the patients with hepatic diseases, the varices (4 cases), the splenorenal shunts (2 cases), and the recanalized umbilical vein (1 case) were demonstrated. There were portal vein thrombosis in the cases of hepatomas and hepatic metastasis. In the cases of Budd-Chiari syndrome, the hepatic veins were not visualized and there were inferior vena cava obstructions with multiple collateral vessels. Compared with ultrasonography, MRP may be useful in evaluation of varices, splenorenal shunts, and other collaterals, though less accurate than conventional angiography. MRP can be useful as a noninvasive screening alternative in the evaluation of portal vein and hepatic veins

[en] To determine the MR imaging findings of synovial sarcoma, with emphasis on the signal characteristics of pathologically correlated T2-weighted images. Necrosis, cystic change or hemorrhage was suggested in 11 cases, ten of which showed triple signal intensity, and in all cases, was pathologically confirmed. Fluid-fluid levels were found in three cases and internal septa in ten. In four cases, maximum diameter was less than 5 cm, and in nine, was greater than this. No mass was detected in one case. The tumor was located in the low extremity(n=9), pelvic girdle and hip joint area(n=2), scapular (n=1), shoulder joint area(n=1), and scalp(n=1). Eleven cases showed a relatively well-defined margin and nine showed lobulation. Except in the area of necrosis and cystic change, the pattern of contrast enhancement was diffuse and inhomogeneous. Bony invasion was detected in two cases, neurovascular encasement in four, calcification in four, and joint capsule invasion in four. On T2-weighted images, synovial sarcoma frequently showed triple signal intensity and internal septa with fluid-fluid levels: this was induced by cystic changes due to necrosis and hemorrhage. (author). 13 refs., 2 figs

[en] To access the usefulness of magnetic resonance(MR) in the evaluation of orbital blowout fracture. Fourteen patients with orbital blowout fractures diagnosed by plain radiography(n=8) or computed tomography(CT)(n=6) were examined with MR. Twenty blowout fractures including six patients with two lesions were presented and the fracture site of the orbit was the medial wall in 11 cases and the orbital floor in nine cases. MR images in nine cases of six patients could be compared with CT scans. On MR images, we retrospectively evaluated the presence of fracture, herniation of orbital fat, abnormality of extraocular muscle, intraorbital hematoma and intrasinus hemorrhage. In nine cases we also compared these findings with CT scans. Eighteen orbital blowout fractures with fat herniation could be diagnosed on MR images. In only nine of these 18 cases, the fracture itself could be seen on MR images as a disruption of the orbital wall, which produce a signal void. But two blowout fractures without orbital fat herniation, seen on CT, were not detected on MR images. Twenty abnormalities of extraocular muscle in 18 cases were depicted on MR images. There were no significant differences between MR and CT in the evaluation of orbital fat herniation and extraocular muscle abnormality ; however,in one case oblique sagittal MR images provided more useful in formation about the status of the inferior rectus muscle. Intraorbital hematoma was detected by MR in three patients. We were able to establish the presence of intraorbital hematoma by using the different signal intensities from fat or muscle on T1- and/or T2-weighted images. MR was found to be superior to CT in one case of intraorbital hematoma because of the iso-density of hematoma compared to muscle. MR also detected intrasinus hemorrhage which on T1-weighted images revealed high signal intensity in ten cases. MR was intrasinus hemorrhage which on T1-weighted images revealed high signal intensity in ten cases. MR was more valuable in demonstrating intrasinus hemorrhage in one case where a CT scan showed only hypodense fluid. MR is a useful diagnostic modality in the evaluation of orbital blowout fracture with orbital fat herniation. Compared with CT, it also provides more valuable information about blowout fracture with orbital fat herniation. Compared with CT, it also provides more valuable information about associated extraocular muscle abnormality, subacute hemorrhage in the orbit and paranasal sinus

[en] To assess the diagnostic value of ultrasound (US) in clinically suspected childhood intussusception and to determine whether color Doppler sonography (CDS) could give information about the viability of bowel and the possibility of pneumatic reduction, the authors prospectively performed US in 176 children suspected of having intussusception. US was positive for intussusception in 65 cases of 64 patients, and they were confirmed with subsequent air enema. Cases with negative sonograms were confirmed with diagnostic air enema or clinical follow-up. Both the sensitivity and the specificity of US for the diagnosis of intussusception were 100%. Color Doppler examination was performed in 64 patients with 65 positive US examinations for intussusception. Of the 65 intussusceptum, and pneumatic reduction was successful in 58. The remaining four cases with color blood flow failed pneumatic reduction, but underwent manual reduction of viable bowel at surgery. Three patients, who showed no color Doppler signal in the intussusceptum, required segmental resection of necrotic bowel. Difference of reductin rates between the group with blood flow and the group without blood flow as determined by CDS was statistically significant (P=.0008) The authors conclude that US is very sensitive in the diagnosis of intussusception and the presence or absence of blood flow in the intussusceptum on CDS is a promising predictor of bowel viability

[en] Highlights: • Particulate matter (PM) activates PARP-1 in neuronal cells. • PM increases beta-amyloid in ex vivo hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mouse. • PM activates glial cells in ex vivo hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mouse. • Pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 reverses PM-induced AD pathologies. • PARP-1 inhibition would be a promising approach counteracting PM's neurotoxicity. Exposure to air pollutants, such as particulate matter (PM), has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, direct effects of PM on production of β-amyloid (Aβ), a key pathogenic molecule in AD, and its underlying mechanism are still elusive. Given PM's potential to induce oxidative stress in other tissues, we hypothesized that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) might be involved in PM-induced neurotoxicity. To address this, we used an ex vivo model of AD, the organotypic hippocampal slice tissue culture from old (12-14 months-of-age) triple transgenic 3xTg-AD mice. First, we observed that fine PM (aerodynamic diameter < 4 μm) can dose-dependently activate PARP-1 and decrease NAD⁺ levels in Neuro2A cells. PARP-1 activation did occur under concentrations of PM which did not affect cell viability. Next, we observed that direct treatment of PM increased Aβ levels and activated glial cells in the ex vivo hippocampal tissues of 3xTg-AD mice. PM-induced glial activation was most prominent in CA1 region of the hippocampal tissue. Notably, we found that pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 reversed both PM-induced Aβ increase and glial activation, arguing the possible involvement of PARP-1 in PM-induced AD pathogenesis. Our findings suggest that PARP-1 might be a potential molecular target, responsible for mediating negative effects of PM on the brain. Modulating PARP-1 activity could be a promising approach to prevent or alleviate PM-related environmental neurotoxicity which could initiate AD pathogenesis.