[en] A framework for high level accelerator application software is being developed for the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). The framework is based on plug-in technology developed by an open source project, Eclipse. Many existing functionalities provided by Eclipse are available to high-level applications written within this framework. The framework also contains static data storage configuration and dynamic data connectivity. Because the framework is Eclipse-based, it is highly compatible with any other Eclipse plug-ins. The entire infrastructure of the software framework will be presented. Planned applications and plug-ins based on the framework are also presented

[en] Linac Energy Management (LEM) is a control system program that scales magnet field set-point settings following a change in beam energy. LEM is necessary because changes in the number, phase, and amplitude of the active klystrons change the beam's rigidity, and therefore, to maintain constant optics, one has to change focusing gradients and bend fields accordingly. This paper describes the basic process, the control system application programs we developed for LEM, and some of the implementation lessons learned at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS).

[en] Some plasma phenomena associated with the lower hybrid wave are investigated by means of 2-¹/₂ D computer experiments. Under the modest condition ω/sub ce/ approximately ω/sub pe/, which occurs in many fusion-oriented devices, it is found that the electron transport rates (heat and momentum) are much enhanced above the classical collisional values even for plasmas very close to thermal equilibrium. The enhancement is due to electron turbulent motion in the field of thermally excited lower hybrid waves. Employing a fluid model and by including a turbulent viscous term in the electron momentum equation, linear theory gives predictions which are in reasonably good agreement with the observed lower hybrid wave damping. Existing strong turbulence plasma theories give predictions which are not in agreement with the observations. In the presence of a long wavelength, large amplitude pump wave with a frequency close to the lower hybrid frequency, the plasma is subject to parametric instabilities. The parametric decay instability is associated with the excitation of a short wavelength ion acoustic wave and a short wavelength lower hybrid wave. During the initial stages, the unstable daughter waves propagate in a small cone about the direction of the pump-induced E₀ x B₀ drift. With the development of the instability, the spectrum spreads in angle and creates two-dimensional turbulence. The electrons are anomalously heated in the direction parallel to the magnetic field, while the ions are heated in the perpendicular direction. Cross-field transport of particles and energy in the presence of turbulence is discussed and test electron transport is found to be strongly enhanced. Because of the low threshold and high heating efficiency, this instability could play an important role in the supplementary rf heating for a fusion plasma at the low hybrid frequency

[en] Since 1980s, the IAEA Regulation for safe transport of radioactive material was introduced into China; the regulatory system of China began with international standards, and walked towards the institutionalized. In 2003 the National People’s Congress (NPC) promulgated “the Act on the Prevention of Radioactive Pollution of the People's Republic of China”. In 2009 “Regulation for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material” (Referred to “Regulation”) was promulgated by the State Council. Subsequently, the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) began to formulate executive detailed department rules, regulations guidelines and standards. The present system of acts, regulations and standards on management of safe transport of radioactive material in China and future planning were introduced in this paper. Meanwhile, the paper described the specific administration requirements of the Regulation on classification management of radioactive materials, license management of transport packaging including design, manufacture and use, licensing management of transport activities and the provisions of illegal behaviors arising in safe transport of radioactive material. (author)

[en] A method for driving current in a fusioning plasma is proposed. Radio frequency power is used to prohibit the fusion-produced α-particles from slowing down isotropically, or to push the α-particles in a preferential direction and thus form an α-particle beam. As a result, a net plasma current (Ohkawa current) may be generated if the fuel ions have Z not equal to 2. The power requirement is estimated and the efficiency is found to be comparable to beam and other rf current-drive schemes. Since the α-particles are born in the central hot core of the reactor, the current profile is naturally peaked in the center

[en] The propagation properties of whistler waves in a tokamak are discussed. It is shown that for the lower-hybrid range of frequencies, the wave can be a cavity eigenmode in present day tokamaks. In order to optimize the heating deep within the plasma, it is desirable to excite those modes which have the largest possible wave number parallel to the magnetic field for a given frequency. It is also shown that plasma heating by whistler cavity eigenmodes will probably be dominated by nonlinear processes

[en] A method has been developed to calculate the electromagnetic cavity eigenmode structures for nonuniform plasma in nonuniform d.c. magnetic field. The plasma is in a metallic chamber of rectangular cross-section and can have arbitrary cross-section profiles. The results of the mode structure show good agreement with analytic solutions in some representative problems. Various linear damping processes as well as resistive damping can also be included

[en] In this Letter, we determine the particle and the string light cone in the pp-wave background. The result is a deformed version of the flat one. We point out the light cone exhibits an intriguing periodicity in the light cone time direction x⁺ with a period ∼1/μ. Our results also suggest that a quantum theory in the pp-wave background can be formulated consistently only if the background is periodic in the light cone time x⁺

[en] The entanglement entropy of the event horizon is known to be plagued by the UV divergence due to the infinitely blue-shifted near horizon modes. In this Letter we calculate the entanglement entropy using the transplanckian dispersion relation, which has been proposed to model the quantum gravity effects. We show that, very generally, the entropy is rendered UV finite due to the suppression of high energy modes effected by the transplanckian dispersion relation

[en] A method is described of reducing the reverse recovery charge of a thyristor with minimal changes in forward voltage drop and leakage current by irradiation with particles of molecular weight greater than one, preferably proton or alpha particles, at an energy level such that the maximum defect generation is produced adjacent to the anode PN junction. (U.K.)