[en] The authors report here recent developments on interpolative pad read out, dubbed BRITE Pads, of liquid argon sampling calorimeters. They have constructed model devices and made bench tests of their performance under various conditions. They report on the performance of a two element linear BRITE PAD system and a four element four moment BRITE PAD system. The results from the linear system are from a model electromagnetic calorimeter tower. To duplicate the fast pulse of an electromagnetic shower, they developed a fast laser, optical fiber and photodiode system; the photodiode fits within the 2 mm gap. The fast signals, about 10 pC discharged in 10 ns, were read out with BNL designed amplifiers followed by 50 ns RCCR shaping

[en] Vertex chambers are used in many detectors to improve secondary vertex identification. In a non-magnetic detector, such as EMPACT/TEXAS, there is another function for a precision vertex chamber; identification of low momentum particles that may scatter before detection in a tracking chamber and give rise to false secondary vertices. The authors discuss a vertex chamber ignored in vertex construction

[en] The results of a search for new particle production with decay modes which include neutral strange particles and muons are reported. The number of neutral strange particles produced by interactions of a 225-MeV pion beam on a nuclear target was measured when muons were and were not required in the final states. It was concluded that one does not produce neutral strange particles which are correlated with muons at an observable cross section greater than 1 nb in the 2μ . E trigger. This result can be used to place limits on charmed particle production

[en] Studies on DNA repair and recombination in yeast using genetic and biophysical methods are reported. Progress has been made in x-ray repair and meiosis. The role of the excision-repair genes RAD1 and RAD 3, known to be important in the repair of thymine dimers after ultraviolet radiation, have been examined in x-ray repair. These genes play an important role in x-ray repair that is only evident when other pathways of x-ray repair are blocked. Double mutants blocked in the RAD51 and RAD18 pathways are significantly less x-ray sensitive than triple mutants blocked in these pathways but also mutant in either the RAD1 or RAD3 genes. We believe that this implies that a type of x-ray damage exists that can be repaired by any of the three pathways, so that it is not a significant cause of lethality unless all pathways are blocked. 2 refs., 1 fig

[en] The study of DNA double strand breakage and repair has normally been carried by using neutral sucrose gradient or neutral elution techniques. The authors have applied OFAGE procedures to study x-ray induced double strand breaks and repair. Breakage of chromosomes is seen by a decrease in intensity of individual chromosome bands; as expected, this decrease becomes more pronounced as chromosome size increases. The fragments of broken chromosomes appears as a broad smear in the size range 100 kb to 1000 kb. Following repair, these fragments partially disappear and the chromosomal bands increase in intensity. In four repair deficient mutants, rad51, rad52, rad54, rad55, no increase in chromosomal band intensity was seen. These results have been confirmed by blotting for a specific chromosome

No abstract available

[en] From a technical point of view a linear collider of high energy and luminosity cannot be operated economically at the present date. A series of R and D efforts in different areas are required to produce the necessary technology for an economically feasible linear collider. No fundamental limits, however, have been found as yet that would prevent us from reaching the goals outlined in this report. Most of the critical component will be tested in a real like situation once the SLC comes into operation. Beyond that much R and D is required in rf-power sources to reduce the power consumption and in high gradient accelerating structures to minimize the required real estate and linear construction costs

No abstract available

[en] Because of their longer life expectancy, the risk of late manifestations of detrimental radiation effects is greater in children than in adults. Many paediatric radiographic examinations are performed by surgeons, paediatricians and adult radiologists with variable knowledge of specific paediatric pathology, radiographic technique and radioprotection. Therefore, in order to optimise medical exposures in children, it is essential to develop quality criteria specifically adapted to paediatric imaging that can be used throughout Europe. With the help of the European Commission, the European Network of Paediatric Radiologists (ENPR), has laid out the status of paediatric radiology in Europe and then elaborated European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for Diagnostic Radiographic Images in Paediatrics. The applicability of the quality criteria has been checked in large European trials involving about 160 X ray departments. These quality criteria are currently being extended to include paediatric fluoroscopy and CT. (author)

[en] Achieving acceptable image quality whist minimising patient dose is the ultimate goal in diagnostic radiology. This work considers both subjective assessments and objective measures. Chest X rays of pigs were assessed by five experienced radiologists, using a scoring system involving eleven features (nine anatomical and two physical) based on comparisons with a reference image. Under similar exposure conditions, digitised images of a test object were used and a variety of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were calculated. The results show that the radiologists agree amongst themselves quite well on most of the eleven features. The SNRs correlated with the radiologists results almost as well. This suggests that 'subjective' image quality criteria have some validity, at least for approximate assessments and that objective image quality criteria are achievable though further work is required. (author)