[en] After having recalled the management of emergency from April to May 1986, this report describes some aspects of the post-accident management in Soviet Union from June 1986 to 1991: dose limits and zoning, farming practices, consumption standards, commercialization standards. It describes the legal context implemented in Belarus from 1991 (two laws addressed the legal status of contaminated areas and the protection of people affected by the Chernobyl accident), and the evolutions since 1991 in terms of soil contamination and zoning, consumption and commercialization standards

[en] The first part of this report gives an overview of the international legal context: arrangements of the Codex Alimentarius, standards established by the Codex Alimentarius Committee on food additives and contaminants, recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, role of the IAEA. The second part presents European regulations: those adopted after the Chernobyl accident, those to be applied in case of a radiological accident. A synthesis of international and European regulations is proposed. The regulations applicable in France are presented (protection of population against hazards of ionizing radiations, application modalities). The other parts of the report present the legal framework, the modalities of food product control, and the post-Chernobyl peculiarities for Belgium, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Norway. The author finally proposes a synthesis and a comparative analysis

[en] The external costs of the electric power generation have been evaluated for five channels: nuclear, coal, gas, hydraulic and wind. Among these channels the reduction of air pollution appears as a priority for the coal channel. In a less measure, the gas channel presents significant external costs but these ones of nuclear, hydraulic and wind channels are relatively low. For the nuclear channel, the complete external cost corresponds largely to sanitary impact on workers and to these ones coming from an eventual accident. For the coal and gas channels the external cost comes from sanitary impact of air pollution. At the actual stage of the methodology development, the principal worth of 'external costs' studies is to give a frame of coherent evaluation and to allow comparisons of impacts of different channels. (N.C.)

[en] This report first describes the organisation and management of radiation protection at Sizewell Nuclear Power Plant (UK): general organisation, organisation of the radiation protection department, goals of radiation protection at plant and corporate levels, measurement of radiation protection performance, presence of health physicists in the plant, national and international comparisons. Then, it addresses the training of workers and radiation protection specialists with respect to radiation protection, the management of zoning and surveillance (action to address the radiation risk and the contamination risk). It describes the relationships of Health physicists with contractors and other workers teams, and the relationships with safety authorities. It indicates the different outages of this organisation: general planning, information sheets, physicists work planning, reviews and meetings. It describes the management of personal dosimetry with radiation work permits and actions aimed at the reduction of doses during various operations. The last part proposes a feedback experience report and evokes the generated database, and addresses events reporting

[en] Following its Publication 60, ICRP has proposed nine reports specifying quantified values for dose constraints, action levels, etc. Some 25 values have been identified in all these publications. Since a few years, ICRP is preparing new recommendations in order to provide 'a more coherent and comprehensible system'. The objective of ICRP is to propose to select among the existing quantified values, a few values that could encompass all the other ones. These values are not intended to replace the currently recommended values which remain valid. In this perspective, IRSN has asked CEPN to make a review of all the values introduced in the ICRP publications in order to obtain a broad view of the rationalities proposed by ICRP in the determination of these values. The following Publications of ICRP have been reviewed: - ICRP 60 - 1990 - 1990 Recommendations of ICRP, - ICRP 62 - 1992 - Radiological protection in biomedical research, - ICRP 63 - 1992 - Principles for intervention for protection of the public in a radiological emergency, - ICRP 64 - 1993 - Protection from potential exposure: a conceptual framework, - ICRP 65 - 1993 - Protection against radon-222 at home and at work, - ICRP 68 - 1994 - Dose coefficients for intakes of radionuclides by workers, - ICRP 75 - 1997 - General principles for the radiation protection of workers, - ICRP 77 - 1997 - Radiological protection policy for the disposal of radioactive waste, - ICRP 81 - 2000 - Radiation protection recommendations as applied to the disposal of long-lived solid radioactive waste, - ICRP 82 - 2000 - Protection of the public in situations of prolonged radiation exposure. The different quantitative values found in these publications are presented in this report, grouped by type of value: individual dose limits, 'maximum' individual dose, dose constraints, exemption, action and intervention levels. The rationalities proposed by ICRP for setting these values are presented, mainly based on the quotation of ICRP Publications. In some cases, when the rationality is not totally explicit, the authors of this report propose their own interpretation. A table summarizing the values and the rationalities considered by ICRP for their setting is presented in Appendix 1. The extracts from each ICRP publication corresponding to the presentation of the values are presented in Appendix 2. (authors)

[en] This report discusses the implementation and operation of the RELIR system, five years after its first use. This system which has been operational since 2001 makes an inventory of radiological incidents which occurred outside of the nuclear industry. Its objective is not to maintain an exhaustive inventory of incidents, but to select the most interesting events for worker training and incident prevention. Incidents are presented under the form of descriptive sheets which guarantee the anonymity of exposed persons and of involved companies and equipment. The report recalls the origin and the implementation of the RELIR system, and describes some available sheets (contamination incident in a food industry company, loss of an iridium 192 wire in a curie-therapy department, radioactive contamination in an academic laboratory, incident during the re-introduction of a gamma-graphy source). Development perspectives are finally addressed

[en] Within the frame of a reviewing of European requirements in the field of radiation protection, this report presents a synthesis of rules which are applicable in seven countries (Belgium, Spain, United States, Finland, United-Kingdom, Sweden and Switzerland; a detailed report for each of these countries is provided in appendix) in the field of delimitation and access to regulated areas for radiation protection purposes. A synthesis is proposed for each country. Three countries are then selected (Finland, United Kingdom and Switzerland) and their rules and practices are applied to cases which correspond to representative exposure situations: a room with a glove box, a hall with hot spots, a parking of temporary warehousing (packages of used fuels), intermittent use of an X ray generator, use of an intense radiation beam, workshop being dismantled, laboratory in which radioactive iodine 131 is handled, and use of a mobile industrial radiography device

[en] This report is notably based on visits performed in eight foreign nuclear power stations (in Spain, Belgium, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States, Switzerland) and a questionnaire on radiation protection, primary circuit chemistry, maintenance, planning, intervener training (subcontractors included), and factors explaining exposure evolutions. This report proposes a synthesis of these visits and surveys. It addresses the radiation protection management in the power station, actions undertaken with respect to dose rates, actions undertaken with respect to exposed work volumes, and contributions of remote data monitoring technologies

[en] Short communication

[en] This issue of risk and safety in nuclear industry presents several articles devoted to radiation protection. The first one concerns the rehabilitation of quality of life in the lands contaminated by the Chernobyl accident, it is about the E.T.H.O.S. project in Bielorussia. The second one studies the notion of critical group and details the application on the deep radioactive waste storage. The last article evaluates the making use of the optimization principle of the radiation protection in nuclear power plants. (N.C.)