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AbstractAbstract
[en] Two teams in USA succeeded in stopping an neutral atom beam with a simple laser beam. This experiment, realized at Washington DC and Boulder, is presented, together with the different techniques used. The interest of such a ''run for motionless atoms'' is briefly underlined in spectroscopy and atomic and molecular physics
[fr]
Deux equipes aux Etats-Unis ont reussi a immobiliser un jet d'atomes a l'aide d'un simple faisceau laser. A partir de la presentation de cette experience effectuee a Washington DC et a Boulder et des differentes techniques utilisees, l'article souligne l'interet d'une telle ''course aux atomes immobiles'' en spectroscopie et en physique atomique et moleculaireOriginal Title
Immobiliser les atomes a coup de lumiere laser
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Journal Article
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Recherche (Paris); ISSN 0029-5671; 
; v. 16(168); p. 934-935
; v. 16(168); p. 934-935
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Dalibard, J.
Quantum physics of nature. Theory, experiment and interpretation. in collaboration with 6th European QIPC workshop. General Information, program, abstracts2005
Quantum physics of nature. Theory, experiment and interpretation. in collaboration with 6th European QIPC workshop. General Information, program, abstracts2005
AbstractAbstract
[en] Full text: Laser and evaporative cooling of atomic assemblies has opened the way to spectacular manifestations of quantum mechanics. This tutorial talk will present the basic ideas of this novel domain of research, and it will give some illustrative applications of these concepts. It will first cover 'single atom aspects' of the field such as atom interferometry, which leads to very exciting tests of quantum mechanics as well as to the realization of ultra-sensitive space time sensors. It will then focus on the collective features of ultracold gases, and it will review in particular some key features of the physics of Bose-Einstein condensates. (author)
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Arndt, M.; Aspelmeyer, M.; Brukner, C.; Weihs, G. (Institut fuer Experimentalphysik, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna (Austria)); Jennewein, T. (The Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Vienna (Austria)); Schmiedmayer, J. (Atomic Institute of the Austrian Universities, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna (Austria)); Weinfurter, H. (Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Section Physics, Schellingstrasse 4/III, D-80799 Munich (Germany)); Zukowski, M. (Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Gdansk , ul. Wita Stwosza 57, PL-80-952 Gdansk (Poland)) (eds.); Institut fuer Experimentalphysik, University of Vienna (Austria). Funding organisation: Austrian Science Fund FWF (Austria); Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Culture - BMBWK (Austria); Federal Ministry of Traffic, Innovation and Technology - BMVIT (Austria); City of Vienna (Austria); Erwin Schroedinger Institute for Mathematical Physics (Austria); 107 p; 2005; p. 14; Quantum physics of nature - QUPON. Theory, experiment and interpretation; Vienna (Austria); 20-26 May 2005; 6. European workshop on quantum information processing and communication - QIPC; Vienna (Austria); 20-26 May 2005; Available in abstract form only, full text entered in this record
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Here is an account of the relations between atoms and photons. After a reminder about the beginning of atomic physics, some actual research themes are described: How lasers can cool atoms, how precise measures can help to understand certain phenomenons such the parity violation, the chaos study has been helped by atomic physics, all these experiments should give more and more subtle and precise illustrations about basis principles of quantum physics. (N.C.). 5 refs., 6 figs
Original Title
Atomes et photons, des objets familiers pour une physique nouvelle
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AbstractAbstract
[en] There are several years since the physicists attained capturing and immobilizing small clouds of atoms by optical molasses made of laser beams. The atoms can be animated by velocities as weak as several centimeters per second .These velocities correspond to temperature of the order of one millionth of absolute degree. Obtaining atoms so cold is not only a prowess techniques but it gives also a better knowledge of the interaction between atoms and light, and makes evident the unforeseen effects. Cooling atoms with laser opens fascinating perspectives from the study of quantized properties of cold atoms till the realization of atomic horloges which are more accurate. 26 refs. 7 figs
Original Title
Le refoidissement des atomes par laser
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Translated from La Recherche (Jan 1994) v. 25(261) p. 30-37.
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Journal Article
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Numerical Data; Translation
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Aalam Al-Zarra; CODEN AAALE5; (40); p. 28-39
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Dalibard, J.; Reynaud, S.; Cohen-Tannoudji, C.
Lasers '83. Proceedings of the international conference1985
Lasers '83. Proceedings of the international conference1985
AbstractAbstract
[en] A method for achieving radiative trapping of neutral atoms is proposed which is based on a temporary decoupling of the cooling and trapping functions. This is achieved by alternating phases of laser trapping and cooling, which makes it possible to optimize separately the trapping and cooling waves. Possible ways of implementing the approach proposed here are examined, and numerical examples are presented for sodium atoms. A large ratio-potential depth over the residual kinetic energy is predicted. 11 references
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Powell, R.C; p. 617-622; 1985; p. 617-622; STS Press; McLean, VA (USA); 6. international conference on lasers and applications; San Francisco, CA (USA); 12-16 Dec 1983
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Book
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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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Ehlotzky, F. ed.; Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck (Austria); 109 p; 2000; p. 23; Fundamentals of Quantum Optics V; Kuehtai, Tyrol (Austria); 16-21 Jan 2000; Available from Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck (AT)
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The apparent indefiniteness in separating vacuum fluctuations and radiative reaction is removed by requiring the corresponding rates of variation to have a well defined physical meaning. Such a procedure is very general and can be extended to the case of a small system interacting with a large reservoir. The results of the calculation can be expressed in terms of simple statistical functions of the two interacting systems. When applied to the case of an atomic electron interacting with the vacuum field, such a procedure gives results in complete agreement with the usual pictures associated with vacuum fluctuations and self-reaction. All selfreaction effects are strictly identical to those derived from classical radiation theory. All vacuum fluctuation effects can be interpreted by considering the vibration of the electron induced by a random field having a spectral power density equal to nw/2 per mode
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Mandel, L.; Wolf, E; 537 p; 1984; 537 p; Plenum Press; New York, NY (USA); 5. Rochester conference on coherence and quantum optics; Rochester, NY (USA); 13-15 Jun 1983
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No abstract available
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Ehlotzky, F. (ed.) (Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck (Austria)); Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck (Austria). Funding organisation: Bundesministerium fuer Wissenschaft, Forschung, Kunst und Verkehr (Austria); Rektor der Universitaet Innsbruck (Austria); Landes-Hypothekenbank Tirol (Austria); Tourismusverband Kuehtai (Austria); 89 p; 1997; p. 19; Fundamentals of Quantum Optics IV; Kuehtai (Austria); 12-17 Jan 1997; Available from Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck (AT)
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Cohen-Tannoudji, C.; Balibar, S.; Shlyapnikov, G.; Dalibard, J.; Salomon, C.; Nozieres, P.
Institut Henri Poincare, 75 - Paris (France)2003
Institut Henri Poincare, 75 - Paris (France)2003
AbstractAbstract
[en] The notion of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) is introduced in the simple case of a perfect gas of bosons. We show the existence of a singularity that was discovered by Einstein and that appears when the density in the phase space is above a critical value. A few years after the discovery of BEC in several gases, it is interesting to look back at some properties of superfluid helium, the author comments shortly on boiling and evaporation, then on the role of rotons and vortices in the existence of a critical velocity in superfluid helium. The author discusses also the existence of a condensate in a liquid with strong interactions and the pressure variation of its superfluid transition temperature. The discovery of BEC in dilute gases of Rb, Na and Li in magnetic traps has stimulated an enormous revival of the interest in macroscopic quantum behavior of dilute gas at low temperature. Experiments with trapped Bose condensed gases have revealed profound condensed matter behavior of these extremely dilute systems. The author describes the key features of this behavior and discusses theoretical approaches that are being used in the field of quantum gases. Methods of production and of detection of a BEC in gaseous phases are presented, the issue of the cooling of fermion gases and of Boson-fermions mixing is discussed. (A.C.)
Original Title
La condensation de Bose-Einstein
Source
2003; 72 p; Poincare seminar; Seminaire Poincare; Paris (France); 29 Mar 2003; Available from Amphi Hermite, Institut Henri Poincare, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 - Paris (France); 228 refs.
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Using a focused laser beam we stir a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a magnetic trap. When the stirring frequency reaches a critical value, we observe the formation of a vortex at the center of the condensate. Using the quadrupolar excitation of the condensate we measure the angular momentum of the condensate with the vortex, and we find that it is ∼(ℎ/2π) per particle, as expected. For larger stirring frequencies, regular arrays of vortices are observed
Source
ICAP 2000: 17. international conference on atomic physics; Florence (Italy); 4-9 Jun 2000; (c) 2001 American Institute of Physics.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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