[en] A pad-on-disc frictional model, a rotating disc under acted by a pad, is established. The moving interaction between the coupled pad and disc is estimated using the Stribeck-type friction model, and the partial differential equation of the disc vibration is calculated using the finite difference method with moving load simulation procedure. Bifurcation diagram and phase portraits of the pad motion with 3-DOFs reveal that as the rotating speed is below a critical value, instability happens and stick–slip vibration is resulted for the pad. Then, eigenvalue analysis is applied to evaluate stability of the pad considering stochastic variation of frictional coefficients and contact effect. Probability distribution diagrams are presented to show that the higher initial displacement of preload or friction coefficient can bring occurrence of more probably instability in uncertain state.

[en] AI technology organically integrates the info and intelligent content of electronics, telecommunications, computer and other fields and disciplines, can achieve accurate control operation, reduce the dependence on human intervention, and greatly improve the intelligent level of these fields, so it has important research value. Based on this, this paper first analyses the AI automation control theory, then studies the electrical automation control based on AI technology, and finally gives the specific application strategy of AI in electrical automation control. (paper)

[en] Objective: To investigate the ability of Shenqi Fuzheng Injection on release of TGF-β₁ mRNA in human lung adenocarcinoma GLC-82 cells by ionizing radiation in vitro, and find the regulation mechanism to reduce the radiation-induced lung injury by traditional Chinese drug. Methods: GLC-82 cells were cultured in media with serum containing 1.563 mg/ml Shenqi Fuzheng Injection, then TGF-β₁ mRNA after exposure to different irradiation doses(O, 20, 30, 40 Gy) and time intervals (12,24,48 h) were investigated. The expression of TGF-β₁ mRNA detected semi-quantitatively by RT-PCR. Results: For the different irradiation doses group, TGF-β₁ expression were increased after irradiation, which was significantly elevated at 20 Gy compared with unirradiated cells. The GLC-82 cells, treated by Shenqi Fuzheng Injection, revealed a minor radiation mediated TGF-β₁, response on mRNA level, which was significantly different at 20 Gy compared with the irradiated group (P<0.05). For the different time intervals group, following irradiation exposure in 20 Gy, the TGF-β₁ mRNA levels in cells, which were treated by Shenqi Fuzheng Injection, were down-regulated and significantly decrease at 48 h (P<0.01). Conclusions: The transforming growth factor beta 1-TGF-β₁ is a key mediator for the pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung injury. Shenqi Fuzheng Injection down-regulates the radiation- induced TGF-β₁ release, and it might reduce the lung toxicity after thoracic irradiation. (authors)

[en] Reliability is expected to become a big concern in future deep sub-micron integrated circuits design. Soft error rate (SER) of combinational logic is considered to be a great reliability problem. Previous SER analysis and models indicated that glitch width has a great impact on electrical masking and latch window masking effects, but they failed to achieve enough insights. In this paper, an analytical glitch generation model is proposed. This model shows that after an inflexion point the collected charge has an exponential relationship with glitch duration and the model only introduces an estimation error of on average 2.5%. (semiconductor integrated circuits)

[en] Objective: To establish a radioresistant cell subline from a human A549 lung cancer cell line and investigate the mechanism of radioresistance. Methods: Two proposals were applied for the non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells irradiated with X-rays: A group of A549 cell line was irradiated five times, the fractionated dose was 600 cGy, and the other group was exposed 15 times, the fractionated dose was 200 cGy. After the completion of irradiation, two monoclones were obtained from the survival of cells and named the subline A549-S1 and A549-S2. The radiosensitivity and cell cycle distribution of these two clones, together with its parental A549 cells were measured by clone formation assay and flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein levels of Notchl in A549 cell line and the sublines were determined by RT-PCR and Western-blots. Results: Compared with the parental A549 cells, A549-S1 cells showed significant resistance to radiation with D₀, D_q and N values increased, and a broader initial shoulder as well as 1.38-fold increased value of SF₂. The A549-S1 subline also showed higher percentage of cells in S phase and G₂/M phase, but lower percentages in G₁/G₁ phase (P<0.05). The expression of Notchl in A549-S1 was enhanced obviously than in A549 cells. But for A549-S2 the radiosensitivity was slightly increased compared with the parental cells with D₀, D_q and N values decreased and a curve initial shoulder. The ratio of cells in S and G₀/G₁ phase ratio was lower than that in parental A549 cells, but that in G₂/M phase ratio was higher significantly (P<0.05). The expression of Notchl had no marked change compared to A549 cell. Conclusions: The radioresistance of the A549 cell subline is correlated with the irradiation program. The cell subline shows a different cell cycle distribution from their parental line. The cell cycle distribution has a close correlaiton with the expression of Notchl. (authors)

[en] Objective: The current study was designed to investigate the changes in peripheral CD4⁺ CD25^high regulatory T (CD4⁺ CD25^high Tr) cells in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the influence of radiotherapy on immunity function. Methods: The peripheral blood was collected from 36 patients with NPC and 30 healthy controls. By using monoclonal antibodies, the blood samples were evaluated with flow cytometry for lymphocyte subsets and Tr cells. Results: The ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the NPC group was not significantly less than that in the healthy controls (P>0.05), but the prevalence of the CD4⁺ CD25^high Tr cells was significantly higher than that of the healthy group [(2.76 ± 1.06)% versus (2.06 ± 0.98)%, P<0.05]. At the end of radiotherapy, the proportion of CD4⁺ CD25^high Tr cells was higher than before it [(4.88 ± 1.02)%, P<0.05]. Conclusion: The relative increase in CD4⁺ CD25^high Tr cells in peripheral blood of NPC patients with or without radiotherapy was significantly higher than those in healthy controls, which may be related to immunosupression and tumor progression in such patients. This finding suggests that CD4⁺ CD25^high Tr cells in peripheral blood of NPC patients can be a useful index for monitoring the immunity function. (authors)

[en] Objective: To study the relationship between plasma TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-10 levels and radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients received thoracic irradiation with 3DCRT. Methods: Sixty-nine patients of lung cancer stage III or esophageal carcinoma were evaluated prospectively by EIISA for plasma TNF-α, TGF- β, IL-10 levels and IL-10/TNF-α before 3DCRT, after 40-50 Gy and after 3DCRT. Results: Twenty-eight patients had RP. In RP patients, the plasma TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-10 levels and IL-10/TNF-a was (15.2 ± 13.4) μg/L, (28.4 ± 13.4), (24.1 ± 17.1) ng/L and 1.01 ± 0.86 before 3DCRT, respectively; TNF-α increased to (36.1 ± 15.5) ng/L(t=2.01, P=0.040), IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α decreased to (18.8 ± 10.8) ng/L (t= 1.40, P=0.166)and 0.62 ± 0.55 (t=1.90, P=0.063)after 40-50 Gy. After 3DCRT TNF-α was higher (36.9 ± 15.5) ng/L than that before 3DCRT(t=-2.20, P=0.032), but IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α were lower than that before 3 DCRT [(13.7±6.2) ng/L, t=3.03, P=0.005; 0.41±0.21, t=3.60, P=0.001]. TGF-β was not change in three times( P>0.05). In non-RP patients, TGF-β,TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α was not yet change in three times (P>0.05) respectively. TGF-β was not yet change between RP and non-RP patients before 3DCRT (t=0.54, P=0.594), and TNF-α was higher in RP group than that in non-RP group after 40-50 Gy( t=2.02, P=0.048), but IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α was less in RP group than that in non-RP group after 3DCRT(t=2.50, P=0.015; t=4.63, P=0.000). Conclusions: The levels of TNF-α and IL-10 are closely related to the occurrence of RP. Monitoring the changes in dynamic state could predict the generation of RP, which could be employed as a sensitive index for indicating risks for acute RP. (authors)

[en] Highlights: • Effect of β-nucleating agent on crystallization of post-consumer PP is studied. • Post-consumer PP with relative β-phase content higher than 0.80 is able to prepare. • It is possible to apply polymorphic modification in post-consumer PP recycling. -- Abstract: The effect of two kinds of β-nucleating agents, an aryl amide derivative β-nucleating agent (TMB-5) and a rare earth complex (WBG), on crystallization of post-consumer polypropylene (PCW-PP) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarized-light optical microscopy (POM). The results indicate that introduction of TMB-5 and WBG is able to increase the crystallization temperature of PCW-PP and to induce a large amount of β-crystals. TMB-5 has stronger β-nucleating effect than WBG at low content, while the β-nucleating effect of WBG exceeds that of TMB-5 at a content of about 0.7 wt%, referring to the calculated relative content of β-phase and the concentration of nuclei in PCW-PP. Through adding 0.3 wt% TMB-5 or 0.7 wt% WBG, PCW-PP with β-phase content higher than 0.80 can be prepared, which provides a promising method to realize high-value added recycling of PCW-PP.

[en] Radioresistance is the common cause for radiotherapy failure in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the degree of radiosensitivity of tumor cells is different during different cell cycle phases. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of cell cycle redistribution in the establishment of radioresistance in NSCLC, as well as the signaling pathway of SH2 containing Tyrosine Phosphatase (SHP1). A NSCLC subtype cell line, radioresistant A549 (A549S1), was induced by high-dose hypofractionated ionizing radiations. Radiosensitivity-related parameters, cell cycle distribution and expression of cell cycle-related proteins and SHP1 were investigated. siRNA was designed to down-regulate SHP1expression. Compared with native A549 cells, the proportion of cells in the S phase was increased, and cells in the G0/G1 phase were consequently decreased, however, the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase did not change in A549S1 cells. Moreover, the expression of SHP1, CDK4 and CylinD1 were significantly increased, while p16 was significantly down-regulated in A549S1 cells compared with native A549 cells. Furthermore, inhibition of SHP1 by siRNA increased the radiosensitivity of A549S1 cells, induced a G0/G1 phase arrest, down-regulated CDK4 and CylinD1expressions, and up-regulated p16 expression. SHP1 decreases the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells through affecting cell cycle distribution. This finding could unravel the molecular mechanism involved in NSCLC radioresistance

[en] Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a major cancer in southern China. Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) is a tyrosine phosphatase that regulates growth, differentiation, cell cycle progression, and oncogenesis. We determined the clinical significance of SHP-1 expression in the tumours of NPC patients from southern China who were treated with radiotherapy. SHP-1 expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting of NPC tissue samples of 50 patients and nasopharyngeal tissues of 50 non-NPC patients who had chronic nasopharyngeal inflammation. SHP-1 expression was measured in NPC tissue samples of 206 patients by immunohistochemistry and survival analysis was performed. The tumours of NPC patients had significantly increased expression of SHP-1 at mRNA and protein levels relative to patients with chronic nasopharyngeal inflammation. Survival analysis of NPC patients indicated that SHP-1 expression was significantly associated with poor local recurrence-free survival (p = 0.008), but not with nodal recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, or overall survival. SHP-1 appears to be associated with radiation resistance of NPC cells and can be considered as a candidate marker for prognosis and/or therapeutic target in patients with this type of cancer