[en] Various circuits and structures of 110-500 kV controlled shunting reactors are considered from the point of view of the design of their relay protection features.

[en] An experiment with a layer-by-layer irradiation of the large volume NaI(Tl)-crystal has been performed. The inhomogeneity of the light yield spatial distribution along the crystal’s axis was revealed. A new method of accounting for the revealed inhomogeneity in the processing of the gamma-ray spectra registered using a crystal with nonuniform response is proposed. This method is quite universal: the conventional stages of the detector investigation (the calibration with standard gamma-ray sources and the inhomogeneity estimation using a layer-by-layer irradiation) are complemented by another one stage with computing of the absorbed energy distribution using Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, based on the results of these stages, the combined broadening function is formed for calculation of the response function.

[en] Possible ways of protecting thyristor converters in systems for magnetizing 110 - 500 kV controlled bypass reactors during switching and automatic reclosing are examined based on experience with the development of equipment, line tests, and mathematical modelling.

[en] To solve the problem of efficient control over technological process in the foundry the mathematical model is required, that would connect the the input and output parameters of the object. To collect the data on cast-steels defects an automated system was developed that greatly simplifies the process of technical control and allows the problem of process parameters optimization to be solved using the criterion of defects minimization in the cast- steels. (paper)

[en] The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of detection of cold cracks in the massive steel products using ultrasonic and eddy-current excitation, as well as the thermal imaging method of temperature recording, that in the perspective should be completed by the development of requirements for the monitoring equipment. (paper)

[en] The results of study on aluminum alloys of grade AK9M2 AK12M2 are provided. Alloy crystallization time for alloys AK9M2 AK12M2 decreases, the intensity of reduction depends on the vibration amplitude. For alloys AK9M2 and AK12M2 the optimal amplitude is 2^2.2 mm, allowing a dense cast alloy with a fine grain structure to be obtained. Density of samples from AK12M2, cut from the bottom part, is slightly increases with the rise of the vibration amplitude. (paper)

[en] Test beam results of a calorimetric module based on 3×3×22 cm³ PbWO₄ crystals, identical to those used in the CMS ECAL Endcaps, read out by a pair of photodetectors coupled to the two opposite sides (front and rear) of each crystal are presented. Nine crystals with different level of induced absorption, from 0 to 20 m⁻¹, have been tested using electrons in the 50–200 GeV energy range. Photomultiplier tubes have been chosen as photodetectors to allow for a precise measurement of highly damaged crystals. The information provided by this double side read-out configuration allows to correct for event-by-event fluctuations of the longitudinal development of electromagnetic showers. By strongly mitigating the effect of non-uniform light collection efficiency induced by radiation damage, the double side read-out technique significantly improves the energy resolution with respect to a single side read-out configuration. The non-linearity of the response arising in damaged crystals is also corrected by a double side read-out configuration and the response linearity of irradiated crystals is restored. In high radiation environments at future colliders, as it will be the case for detectors operating during the High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider, defects can be created inside the scintillator volume leading to a non-uniform response of the calorimetric cell. The double side read-out technique presented in this study provides a valuable way to improve the performance of calorimeters based on scintillators whose active volumes are characterized by high aspect ratio cells similar to those used in this study.