[en] A comparison of the technologies of thermal utilization of solid chemical waste was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of the thermal utilization technologies of WtE thermal power plants used in worldwide were given. A method of comparison and selection of the preferred technology of thermal utilization, depending on the specific conditions of the placement of TPPs at MSW, is proposed. Thermal utilization can be classified into three categories (combustion, gasification and pyrolysis), the difference between them lies in the amount of excessive air present in combustion chamber. The gasification technology that can be often in use in WtE can be divided into two main types – slugging gasification and plasma gasification. (paper)

[en] In the absence of an effective technological possibility for the storage of electricity in industrial volumes, consumption and production of electrical energy are carried out simultaneously. The ability to generate cover the unevenness of the daily schedule of consumption provides a balance of power system parts, leads to the minimization of network infrastructure costs. This article represents the analysis of the results for balancing certain parts of the UPS Russia, based on the methodological approach described below. Volume of “basic” electrical energy consumption specifies requirements for the structure of generating capacity. Reducing the share of “basic” consumers, including by the construction of its own “base” generation, leads either to an increase in the depth of discharge of generating capacities in the power system, or to the necessary shutdowns of generating equipment at night. Performed calculations showed non-optimal placement of the “base” generation in the Russian Federation. The proposed method allows you to determine the presence and absence of the adjustment range in the power system as a whole or in its individual parts, avoid errors in the placement of generating capacity in the Russian Federation, including nuclear power plants, heat supply units, “green” generation, optimize the cost for the construction of the network infrastructure. (paper)

[en] The use of solid fuel gasification process is relevant to the regions where there is no opportunity to use natural gas as the main fuel. On the territory of the Russian Federation such regions are largely the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. In order to reduce the harmful effects on the environment solid fuel with high sulfur content, ash content and moisture are subjected to gasification process. One of the major problems of this process is to produce syngas with a low calorific value. For conventional types of gasification (gasification), the value of this quantity ranges 8 - 10 MJ / m³. The use of plasma gasification increases the calorific value of 12 - 16 MJ / m³ which allows the most efficient use of the syngas. The reason for the increase of the value lies in the change of temperature in the reaction zone. A significant rise in temperature in the reaction zone leads to an increase in methane formation reactions constant value, which allows to obtain a final product with a large calorific value. The HFI-plasma torch coal temperature reaches 3000 ° C, and the temperature of coal gasification products can reach 8000 ° C. The aim is to develop methods for determining the composition of the plasma gasification products obtained optical spectra. The Kuznetsky coal used as the starting material. Received and decrypted gasification products optical spectra in a wavelength range from 220 to 1000 nm. Recommendations for the use of the developed method for determining the composition of the plasma gasification products. An analysis of the advantages of using plasma gasification as compared with conventional gasification and coal combustion. (paper)