[en] The vision of energy supply of the future will have to take into account the aspects of humane and sustainable development worldwide. The options are few, and whether we like it or not, the signs are that renewable energy sources will be gaining ground in future. (orig.)

[en] In order to improve the economy a modification of the separation-nozzle method for isotope separation is proposed. For utilizing the chambers of the separation-nozzle system filled with centrifugal acceleration to a higher degree than before for the separation process, it is proposed to guide the partial flows, generated within the cascade with different portions of additional gas, in a different manner than before or to deflect the partial flows, generated with different compositions of the mixture of substances to be separated, differently. Both variants may also be combined. The individual measures are described in detail and illustrated by 13 drawings. (HP)

[en] An improvement of the separation nozzle method for separating isotopes is proposed with the economy of the process being considerably improved. This is achieved by deflection by means of peeling diaphragms within the column so that the spaces of the separation nozzle system filled with centrifugal acceleration will contribute more to the separating process than they have done until now. The individual measures are presented in detail with the aid of 13 drawings. (GG)

[en] The present invention relates to methods and devices for separating gaseous or vaporous substances, especially isotopes, with different molecular weights and/or different gas kinetic cross sections in which the mixture of substances to be separated and a lighter additional gas are passed through nozzles whereupon one or several skimmer diaphragms projecting into the flow path of the substances are used to separate and remove fractions of different compositions and in which several separation nozzle systems consisting of nozzles and skimmer diaphragms are connected so as to constitute a cascade

[en] The described procedure for the separation of gaseous and vaporous materials, particularly isotopes, with different molar weight and for different gasdynamic cross section operates with nozzles which are passed by the gas or gas mixture as an expanding jet. The jet is separated into fractional jets by means of a skimmer blade edge which is placed in its flow route. A following deflection makes the separation of the fractional jet possible. Additional expansion renders post-acceleration possible. The partial jets which are lead away outwards are combined in a cascade if their material composition is equivalent. The skimmer blade edge itself is constructed as a deflection wall with respect to the surface which is turned towards the fractional jet. The particular advantages of the process and the separation nozzle device are the enhanced separation factor together with the reduced operational costs. (RB)

[en] Immediately after the separation of the UF₆/H₂-mixture by the separation nozzle process the partial flow that is enriched with the heavier component is deflected to make use of its energy and separated. This way the operational expenditure of the separation nozzle method can be diminished increasing the separation factor at the same time. (DG)

[en] The invention improves on the already known separation nozzle method by the two following steps: 1) The partial flows produced within the cascade with various shares of additional gas are introduced into the separating nozzle systems in such a manner that with regard to the additional gas, a molar fraction gradient is created which is in the opposite direction to the gradient created by the separation process. 2) The partial flows produced within the cascade with various compositions of the mixture of substances to be separated are introduced into the separating nozzle systems in such a manner that regarding the substances to be separated, a molar fraction gradient is created which is in the same direction as the molar fraction gradient formed by the separation process. Both measures can be separately applied or in combination with one another; flowsheets of the invented cascade circuits and separating nozzle systems are given. (GG/LH)

[en] A method is provided for separating gaseous or vaporous substances, especially isotopes, with different molecular weights and/or different gas kinetic cross sections, in which the mixture of substances to be separated is passed through separation nozzles. One or more skimmer diaphragms project into the flow path of the substances and are used to separate and remove fractions of different compositions, and several separation systems consisting of nozzles and skimmer diaphragms are arranged in a cascade. The cascade generates partial streams which contain the mixture of substances to be separated. The partial streams can contain an additional gas with each partial stream containing different fractions of additional gas. When the partial streams generated within the cascade contain different fractions of additional gas, the partial streams are jointly fed to one of the separation nozzle systems in such a way as to generate a molar fraction gradient with respect to the additional gas which is opposed in direction to the molar fraction gradient being generated by the separation process within the nozzle. The partial streams can contain different compositions of the mixture of substances to be separated. When the partial streams generated within the cascade contain different compositions of the mixture of substances to be separated, the partial streams are jointly fed to one of the separation nozzle systems in such a way as to generate a molar fraction ratio with respect to the substances to be separated which is identical in direction with the molar fraction gradient being generated by the separation process within the nozzle. 27 claims, 13 figures

[en] The Juelich Research Center participates in the international efforts made to achieve controlled nuclear fusion in close cooperation with the EURATOM associations with the neighboring countries of Belgium and the Netherlands by erecting in Juelich the TEXTOR tokamak, and by participating in other large experiments through close networking of research activities at various locations. The research program focuses on the plasma - wall interaction, energy confinement and the dissipation of energy and particles, and the dynamic ergodic divertor as a novel concept of optimizing the plasma - wall interaction. (orig.)

No abstract available