[en] A method is presented to determine the coating thickness on a metallic substrate in energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. The method is based on the measurement of incoherent scattered radiation. Energy dispersive XRF apparatus includes a filtered Am²⁴¹ point source and an Si(Li) detector with resolution 160 eV at 5.9 keV. The thicknesses of the coating materials found by the scattered radiation have been compared with thicknesses found by the gravimetric method. The obtained results show that there is good agreement between the present experimental results and the values of the gravimetric method within the estimated experimental error

[en] The experimental measurements of Lα/Lβ, La/Lγ, La/Lλ, Li/Lβ, Li/Lγ, Lβ/ Lγ intensity ratios were determined for three different cases by photoinozation consecutive L-subshells. The applied method relies on photoionization consecutive subshells and detection of the resolved fluorescence. The relative intensities in the 8 different elements with atomic number ranging from 66-90 at 15 different excitation energies in the interval 8.265-21.705 keV have been measured. A comparison is made of the experimental results with calculated values. The deflections of the experimental values from the theoretical values are in the range 4-13 percent

[en] Indoor radon measurements were carried out in dwellings in Erzurum province during the winter months of February 2012 to early April 2012 and the summer months of July 2012 to early September 2012. Nuclear track detector LR-115 was used for the measurements. According to the results of investigations, it was understood that the indoor radon concentration averages in dwellings are in the range of 11 ± 6 Bq m^-3 - 380 ± 91 Bq m^-3 in winter season and 8 ± 3 Bq m^-3 - 356 ± 64 Bq m^-3 in summer season. We found that the ²²²Rn effective dose values in the studied dwellings in winter season range from 0.278 to 9.59 mSv y^-1. Also, the ²²²Rn effective dose values in the studied dwellings in summer season range from 0.202 to 8.98 mSv y^-1. These values are within the ICPR recommended values. The radon activity has not been found to vary with seasonal changes, but also with the age, the construction mode of houses, the ventilation conditions and with specific sites and geological materials. (paper)

[en] Concentration of trace elements present in Sarikamis ore was determined by the standard addition method. The elements determined were Ca, Ti, Fe, Sr, Ba. The equipment used for this study was a Si(Li)-detector, a multichannel analyzer and ⁵⁵Fe and ²⁴¹Am radioisotope sources. The physical basis of the analytical method used, the procedure of sample preparation and the results are presented. (author)

[en] The mass attenuation coefficients for cornea taken from keratitis patient and soft contact lens (-1.75, -3.75, -4 dioptres), leiomyomata uteri and uterus were measured in the X-ray energy (5.9keV) using a SiLi detector and Fe⁵⁵ annular source. Full details of the experimental method, experimental set up, the procedure of sample preparation and the results within estimated error are presented. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique has been successfully used for the determination of the mass attenuation coefficients

[en] Mankind still depend on traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of various diseases and ailments. Elemental composition and concentration of medicinal plants have been investigated by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. The elements present in medicinal plants are P, Cl, K, Ca, S, Al, Ti, V, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, I and Ce. The physical basis of the used analytical method, the experimental set up and the procedure of sample preparation are presented. (author)

[en] The X-ray fluorescence method was used to determine concentrations of the elements present in leiomyomata uteri and uterus. The physical basis of the analytical method used, experimental set-up, procedure of sample preparation, and the results are presented. The equipment used for this study was a Si(Li) detector, a multichannel analyzer, and ⁵⁵Fe and ²⁴¹Am radioisotope sources. The energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique has been successfully used for the determination of elements present in leiomyomata uteri and uterus

[en] In this study, Portland cement paste samples containing (Fe–Cu)${}_x$ and brass${}_x$ (where in x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20%) were manufactured and some physical and nuclear shielding properties were determined. Experimental measurements for determining the mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) of the cement samples were accomplished by utilizing ${}^{133}$Ba radioactive source with HPGe detector. In addition, gamma transmission factor and μ/ρ values were simulated with MCNPX codes and the experimental results were checked with MCNPX and theoretical WinXCOM results. The largest μ/ρ values were achieved by 20% Fe–Cu- and brass-added samples varying between 0.344–0.098 and 0.363–0.099 cm${}^2$/g for 0.081–0.383 photon energy ranges, respectively. To extensively evaluate the photon shielding competences of the cement samples, other vital parameters such as HVL, MFP, Z${}_{eff}$ and N${}_{el}$ derived from μ/ρ values were also calculated. It is seen that the highest Z${}_{eff}$s were obtained for 20% brass- and Fe–Cu-added samples, whereas for MFP and HVL and N${}_{el}$ values, the least values were obtained. Additionally, to estimate the neutron shielding effectiveness of the cement samples, effective removal cross section (∑${}_R$) values were obtained. The ∑${}_R$ values varied between 0.1123–0.1349 and 0.1065–0.1361 cm${}^{-<!--\; ???\; -->1}$ for Fe–Cu- and brass-doped samples, respectively. The data obtained from the current study showed that adding Fe–Cu and brass improves the nuclear shielding properties of the produced cement samples.

[en] Highlights: • The gamma photons shielding parameters of the newly produced glasses were determined. • $\mu /\rho$ values of the glasses are computed by MCNPX simulation code and compared to WinXCOM results at 0.015–15 MeV. • Also, HVL, Z_eff , N_el and EBF values were calculated for the glass samples. • NG1 and NG4 are the best glass for gamma rays shielding applications among theselected glasses. -- Abstract: In this study, the gamma photons shielding parameters of the newly produced (NG1, NG2, NG3 and NG4) and widely used (Window, PbO, Soda and Borosilicate glasses) glass samples were evaluated comparatively. Mass attenuation coefficients ($\mu /\rho$) of the samples under study are computed by MCNPX simulation code and compared to WinXCOM results in the energy range 0.015–15 MeV. Additionally, half value layer (HVL), effective atomic numbers ($Z_{eff}$) and electron densities ($N_{el}$) of the samples were calculated by the obtained results from WinXCOM and MCNPX. Among the prepared samples, NG4 glass has highest values of $\mu /\rho$and $Z_{eff}$, lowest values of $N_{el}$ and HVL. On the other hand, the $\mu /\rho$ and $Z_{eff}$ values are minimum, $N_{el}$ and HVL are maximum for Window and Soda glasses. Also, the exposure buildup factor (EBF) values of the samples were evaluated by using the Geometric progression (GP) method. The results revealed that PbO and NG4 have lowest values for EBF in the intermediate energy region, while buildup of photons is more for Soda glass. In general, newly produced glasses, especially NG4 and NG1, are capable of good radiation absorption. Compared to PbO glass, NG4 has lower density, but still shows radiation shielding near the lead oxide glass.

[en] Linear optical properties, optical dielectric constants, and dielectric loss as well as gamma-ray protection capacities of PbO reinforced TeO${}_2$-WO${}_3$ glasses with chemical composition 20WO${}_3$-(80 - x)TeO${}_2$-xPbO: x = 10 (WTPb1), 12.5 (WTPb2), 16.25 (WTPb3), 17.5 (WTPb4), and 20 (WTPb5) mol% have been investigated. Density of the investigated glasses gradually enhanced from 5.58 g/cm${}^3$ for WTPb1 sample to 5.90 g/cm${}^3$ for WTPb5 sample. The indirect optical energy band gap (E${}^{Optical}$) reduced from 2.28 to 2.10 eV. Urbach's energy (ΔE) improved from 0.225 to 0.255 eV with increasing PbO content mol%. Optical real (ε${}_1$), imaginary (ε${}_2$) parts of dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tan δ), the refractive index (n), and the extinction coefficient (k) were improved as PbO content enhanced in TWPb glasses. Insertion of PbO in the glass matrix has a direct constructive effect on both the mass (MAC) and linear (LAC) attenuation coefficients for all photon energy among all investigated samples. The highest values of MAC and LAC were possessed for WTPb5 sample, while the lowest values were possessed for WTPb1 sample. In terms of half-value layer (HVL) parameter, the lowest values of HVL were possessed for WTPb5. The effective atomic number (Z${}_{eff}$) of the WTPb glasses has a similar trend of MAC and LAC. Results confirm that WTPb glasses can be considered as a superior for radiation protection compared to some commercial concrete radiation shielding materials.