[en] This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Carmelo) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils of the precambrian period in the Mercedes , Fray Bentos, Libertad and Raigon formations. The Precambrian rocks are found in large quarries in Carmelo hill

[en] This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Agraciada and Nueva Palmira) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological soil characteristics of: Fray Bentos, Camacho, Raygon, Libertad and Villa Soriano formations

[en] This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Canada Nieto) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils of the pre devoniam period in the Mercedes , Asencio and Fray Bentos formations

[en] We studied some of the factors influencing seed germination and shoot growth of caper (Capparis spinosa L) and callus formation and regeneration from different parts of the plant (leaf, shoots, fruits) in order to establish a protocol for propagating this plant on a commercial scale. For the dormant seeds, we studied scratching the seed coat using iron particle filings prior to culture on nutrient medium or peatmos. Scratched and non-scratched seeds were also treated with concentrated sulfuric acid for various periods (20, 30, 45, 60 min). Seeds were additionally treated with ultrasonic waves for different periods (15, 30, 45, 60 min). The seeds were also irradiated with 50, 100, and 150 gray of gamma rays to study the effects of irradiation on the germination of caper seeds. Irradiation of the seed with 100 gray dose led to 50% germination one month after culturing in vitro, whereas, no seeds germinated in the control. Irradiation with 150 gray dose led to 18% germination of the seed. As for irradiated seed cultured in the peatmos, 70% of the seed germinated at the 100 gray dose whereas, only 5% of the seed germinated in the control. Treatment of the seed with H₂SO₄ for 20 mints with scratching was very effective in stimulating germination, where the percentage of germinated seed reached 46% compared with 0% in the control. Treatment with just H₂SO₄ for 20 mints resulted in 32% seed germination and treatment with just scratching resulted in only 20% germination. On the other hand, treating the seed with ultrasonic waves did not result in any seed germination. The effect of irradiation was also studied on the growth of caper shoots in vitro. The shoots were irradiated with 10, 15, and 20 gray and subsequently cultured on the MS medium without any growth regulators. The 10 gray dose stimulated shoot growth where average leaf area increased from 1.1 to 2.4 cm². The same irradiation dose, also, led to an increase in shoot length from 1.5 to 2.2 cm. This was accompanied with an increase in shoot rooting percentage from 75 to 100% and with an increase in number of roots per plant. The effects of MS and Rugini media on the growth of caper cuttings collected from the field were studied. The results indicated that the MS medium was better than the Rugini medium with an average length of shoots being, 3.2 cm as compared to 2.4 cm when Rugini medium was used. The influence of different growth regulators on adventitious shoot formation was also studied. It appeared that the use of 2 mg/L ZR and 1 mg/L NAA resulted in 5.5 shoots as compared to 2.2 shoots when only GA3 (2 mg/L) was added to the culture medium. The influence of some plant growth regulators on the formation of callus was also studied using cross section of unripe and variable size fruits. The best media for callus induction were MS9 (BA 1 mg/L, NAA 0.1 mg/L) and MS10 (Kin 0.5 mg/L, 2,4, D 2 mg/L) with more callus being produced on peeled fruits than on unpeeled ones. We studied also the influence of plant growth regulators on the formation of callus studied using leaves and stem parts. The best 2 media for this purpose were MS9 (BA 1 mg/L, NAA 0.1 mg/L) and MS12 (2,4,D 2 mg/L , NAA 1 mg/L, GA3 0.1 mg/L) and the best medium for regeneration was MS6 (KIN 1 mg/L, IAA 0.1 mg/L) which gave an average of 2 plants from every callus piece. (author)

[en] We studied some of the factors influencing seed germination and shoot growth of caper (Capparis spinosa L) and callus formation and regeneration from different parts of the plant (leaf, shoots, fruits) in order to establish a protocol for propagating this plant on a commercial scale. For the dormant seeds, we studied scratching the seed coat using iron particle filings prior to culture on nutrient medium or peatmos. Scratched and non-scratched seeds were also treated with concentrated sulfuric acid for various periods (20, 30, 45, 60 min). Seeds were additionally treated with ultrasonic waves for different periods (15, 30, 45, 60 min). The seeds were also irradiated with 50, 100, and 150 gray of gamma rays to study the effects of irradiation on the germination of caper seeds. Irradiation of the seed with 100 gray dose led to 50% germination one month after culturing in vitro, whereas, no seeds germinated in the control. Irradiation with 150 gray dose led to 18% germination of the seed. As for irradiated seed cultured in the peatmos, 70% of the seed germinated at the 100 gray dose whereas, only 5% of the seed germinated in the control. Treatment of the seed with H sub 2 SO sub 4 for 20 mints with scratching was very effective in stimulating germination, where the percentage of germinated seed reached 46% compared with 0% in the control. Treatment with just H sub 2 SO sub 4 for 20 mints resulted in 32% seed germination and treatment with just scratching resulted in only 20% germination. On the other hand, treating the seed with ultrasonic waves did not result in any seed germination. The effect of irradiation was also studied on the growth of caper shoots in vitro. The shoots were irradiated with 10, 15, and 20 gray and subsequently cultured on the MS medium without any growth regulators. The 10 gray dose stimulated shoot growth where average leaf area increased from 1.1 to 2.4 cm sup 2. The same irradiation dose, also, led to an increase in shoot length from 1.5 to 2.2 cm. This was accompanied with an increase in shoot rooting percentage from 75 to 100% and with an increase in number of roots per plant. The effects of MS and Rugini media on the growth of caper cuttings collected from the field were studied. The results indicated that the MS medium was better than the Rugini medium with an average length of shoots being, 3.2 cm as compared to 2.4 cm when Rugini medium was used. The influence of different growth regulators on adventitious shoot formation was also studied. It appeared that the use of 2 mg/L ZR and 1 mg/L NAA resulted in 5.5 shoots as compared to 2.2 shoots when only GA3 (2 mg/L) was added to the culture medium. The influence of some plant growth regulators on the formation of callus was also studied using cross section of unripe and variable size fruits. The best media for callus induction were MS9 (BA 1 mg/L, NAA 0.1 mg/L) and MS10 (Kin 0.5 mg/L, 2,4, D 2 mg/L) with more callus being produced on peeled fruits than on unpeeled ones. We studied also the influence of plant growth regulators on the formation of callus studied using leaves and stem parts. The best 2 media for this purpose were MS9 (BA 1 mg/L, NAA 0.1 mg/L) and MS12 (2,4,D 2 mg/L , NAA 1 mg/L, GA3 0.1 mg/L) and the best medium for regeneration was MS6 (KIN 1 mg/L, IAA 0.1 mg/L) which gave an average of 2 plants from every callus piece. (author

[en] TILLING technique has been used, for the first time, to detect genetic variation, at the molecular level, among potato mutants (induced by gamma irradiation) and genetic diversity among 3 potato cultivars. Three potato mutant lines (every mutant represents a cultivar) tolerant to salinity have been used along with their controls. Three primer pairs were designed with the help of Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium on the web and were evaluated using agarose gel then sequencing. Primer pairs passing these tests were fluorescently labeled. Li-Cor based TILLING was applied using 2 forward primers one of them is labeled and 2 reverse primers one of them is labeled. The results have shown the success of using this technique on potato (tetraploid species) where the average density of nucleotide polymorphisms per sample was 16 polymorphisms per 1 kb. The optimal concentration was also determined between 0.1 and 1 ng/ul for potato genomic DNAs to be used in Li-Cor based TILLING assays. (author)

[en] Combining the GW observations of merging systems of binary neutron stars and quasi-universal relations, we set constraints on the maximum mass that can be attained by nonrotating stellar models of neutron stars. More specifically, exploiting the recent observation of the GW event GW170817 and drawing from basic arguments on kilonova modeling of GRB 170817A together with the quasi-universal relation between the maximum mass of nonrotating stellar models $M_{\mathrm{T}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{V}}$ and the maximum mass supported through uniform rotation $M_{max}=({1.20}_{-<!--\; ???\; -->0.05}^{+0.02})M_{\mathrm{T}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{V}}$, we set limits for the maximum mass to be ${2.01}_{-<!--\; ???\; -->0.04}^{+0.04}⩽<!--\; ???\; -->M_{\mathrm{T}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{V}}/M_{\odot <!--\; ???\; -->}\lesssim <!--\; ???\; -->{2.16}_{-<!--\; ???\; -->0.15}^{+0.17}$, where the lower limit in this range comes from pulsar observations. Our estimate, which follows a very simple line of arguments and does not rely on the modeling of the electromagnetic signal in terms of numerical simulations, can be further refined as new detections become available. We briefly discuss the impact that our conclusions have on the equation of state of nuclear matter.

[en] Flowering behavior and fiber quality traits were analyzed of six Gossypium hirsutum L. varieties and one G. barbadense variety that were cultivated in two environmentally different locations. Records of days after planting (DAP) at first floral bud emergence, DAP at first floral opening, plant height at first flower and nodes above white flower (NAWF) were analyzed statistically to study flowering behavior in both locations. Fiber traits were tested and records of micronaire, fiber length, strength, cohesion, elongation, ginning percentage, and weight of seed cotton were statistically analyzed to look for significant differences and correlations. Earliness and a decline in fiber strength, and fiber cohesion were obtained in varieties cultivated in Soujeh accompanied with an increase in ginning percentages. Uniquely, fiber elongation showed no significant differences in varieties between the two environments in both seasons. Our results indicated that stability in some fiber traits such as, micronaire, fiber length, strength and cohesion was a variety specific. Evidently, fiber elongation in our work was not affected by cultivation managements and environmental conditions which suggest the solid genetic bases that control this trait. (author)

[en] Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited disease which is characterised by episodes of fever, abdominal pain. FMF prevalence is high in Syria 30.2%. It is diagnosed using different methods and we developed a new method using DHPLC. Samples from 90 FMF patients and healthy controls were analysed by DHPLC and DNA sequencing. We showed that it is an inexpensive, effective method to select the samples which need sequencing. We also identified new variants in the MEFV gene which haves not been reported before.(author)

[en] The detection of gravitational waves from neutron star merger events has opened up a new field of multimessenger astronomy linking gravitational-wave events to short gamma-ray bursts and kilonova afterglows. A further—yet to be discovered—electromagnetic counterpart is a precursor emission produced by the nontrivial interaction of the magnetospheres of the two neutron stars prior to merger. By performing special-relativistic force-free simulations of orbiting neutron stars we discuss the effect of different magnetic field orientations and show how the emission can be significantly enhanced by differential motion present in the binary, either due to stellar spins or misaligned stellar magnetospheres. We find that the buildup of twist in the magnetic flux tube connecting the two stars can lead to the repeated emission of powerful flares for a variety of orbital configurations. We also discuss potential coherent radio emission mechanisms in the flaring process.